Inventing Ourselves

Who is Sara- Jaune Blakemore?

• Phineas Gage's mother

• A student at the high school

• The author of Inventing Ourselves

Answer explanation

Blakemore utilized several research studies based off of one very specific study of 4-year-old children.

When the author states that " adolescents get a kick out of taking risks", he means that these risks result in

• a serious punishment

• a positive emotion

• a physical pain

• a financial boost

How are the Limbic system and the prefrontal cortex connected during adolescence?

Which following example, might show a 'mismatch' of maturity and function?

• A shopper purchasing one gift over another

• A driver with faulty brakes in a car speeding out of control down hill

• A person saying something they will regret later during an argument.

• A boss firing an employee who was caught stealing from the business.

Why did Blakemore carry out another analysis in 2014?

• To explain why risk taking peaks in adolescence

• To suggest there was a "developmental mismatch" between the two developing systems in the brain

• To find evidence about the brain's emotional reward center developing before the prefrontal cortex which houses self-control.

• To look over more MRI data

When has a brain fully matured?

• When it ceases to grow.

• When it ceases to change.

• When it ceases to age.

• When it ceases to react.

Which item does Paragraph 11 look for?

• It explains how the author’s team determined which groups of participant brain scans were usable in the study.

• b. It explains how the author’s team checked each participant’s brain scan for image quality.

• c. It explains that the author’s team examined the volume of gray matter in each brain region.

Which phrase best describes the author's purpose for writing this passage?

• a. To prove that Steinberg and Casey’s work left important questions unanswered.

• b. To explain Steinberg and Casey’s theories and how her own team helped provide evidence for them.

• c. To show how her own team’s evidence disproved Steinberg and Casey’s theories.

• d. To argue that her team’s work was the foundation for theories that Steinberg and Casey later developed.

Which line Best explains why Phineas's behavior was like that of an adolescent instead of an adult?

• c. "In contrast, the theory suggests, adults are better at regulating behavior and stopping themselves taking dangerous risks, even when the risks are exciting and potentially rewarding, because of their mature prefrontal cortex." (8)
• a. “In the late 2000s, Steinberg, along with other researchers including B.J. Casey, proposed a theory to explain why risk-taking peaks in adolescence.” (7)

• b. “The core idea is that, in young adolescents, the limbic system is already mature and particularly sensitive to the rewarding feeling that risk-taking sometimes elicits.” (7)

How do the Whole Brainers, believe the brain is structured?

• Individual chunks, controlling different functions

• as a large cloud like jelly, firing off thoughts everywhere at one time