Jurisprudence

What do you understand by Jurisprudence?

• The study of insects
• The art of cooking
• The practice of medicine
• The theory and philosophy of law

Natural Law Jurists?

• Immanuel Kant, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Jeremy Bentham
• Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, and Hugo Grotius
• Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, and Vladimir Lenin
• Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle

Positivists?

• Individuals who believe that knowledge is derived from imagination and that artistic methods are the best way to understand the world
• Individuals who believe that knowledge is derived from tradition and that cultural methods are the best way to understand the world
• Individuals who believe that knowledge is derived from sensory experience and that scientific methods are the best way to understand the world
• Individuals who believe that knowledge is derived from intuition and that spiritual methods are the best way to understand the world

What is the significance of Natural Law in legal philosophy?

• It emphasizes the importance of human rights and individual freedom

• It focuses on the authority of the state and government laws

• It promotes the idea of absolute monarchy and divine right of kings

• It advocates for the complete separation of church and state

Who are the key proponents of Legal Positivism?

• John Stuart Mill, Thomas Hobbes, and Niccolò Machiavelli

• Hans Kelsen, H. L. A. Hart, and Joseph Raz

• Rene Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, and Gottfried Leibniz

• Friedrich Nietzsche, Søren Kierkegaard, and Martin Heidegger

What are the main principles of Utilitarianism in legal theory?

• The emphasis on natural rights and justice

• The focus on social welfare and maximizing happiness

• The belief in divine law and moral absolutes

• The promotion of individual autonomy and self-determination