Cardiac Catheterization and Coronary Angiography Quiz

According to the ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines, when is coronary angiography not indicated in young patients undergoing nonemergency valve surgery?

• When there are no coronary risk factors, no history of CAD, and no evidence of ischemia

• When there are no coronary risk factors, history of CAD, and no symptoms of myocardial ischemia

• When there is evidence of ischemia but no history of CAD

• When there are no coronary risk factors and no history of CAD

Why do the current guidelines still recommend cardiac catheterization in patients who might be at higher risk of coronary artery disease independent of age?

• To increase the risk of embarking on cardiac surgery

• To decrease the efficiency of the operative procedure

• To provide the surgical team with a precise and complete road map of the course ahead

• To complicate the planned surgical approach

What information obtained by cardiac catheterization may be invaluable in the assessment of crucial determinants of prognosis?

• Status of the pulmonary vasculature and the patency of the coronary arteries

• LV function and status of the pulmonary vasculature

• LV function, status of the pulmonary vasculature, and the patency of the coronary arteries

• LV function and the patency of the coronary arteries

Why is cardiac catheterization recommended in nearly all patients for whom heart surgery is contemplated?

• To complicate the planned surgical approach

• To decrease the efficiency of the operative procedure

• To provide the surgical team with a precise and complete road map of the course ahead

• To increase the risk of embarking on cardiac surgery

What does the most recent update of the ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines recommend for young patients undergoing nonemergency valve surgery?

• Coronary angiography is not indicated when there are no coronary risk factors, no history of CAD, and no symptoms of myocardial ischemia

• Coronary angiography is not indicated when no further hemodynamic assessment by catheterization is deemed necessary and there are no coronary risk factors, no history of CAD, and no evidence of ischemia

• Coronary angiography is not indicated in any case

• Coronary angiography is always indicated

What are the risks of catheterization in young patients with echo-proven valvular disease and no symptoms of myocardial ischemia?

• Extremely high

• Unknown

• Extremely small

• Comparable to the risk of embarking on cardiac surgery

What can cardiac catheterization permit in the assessment of crucial determinants of prognosis?

• A prolonged and complicated surgical approach

• A carefully reasoned and maximally efficient operative procedure

• A precise and complete road map of the course ahead

• A carefully reasoned and maximally efficient operative procedure and a precise and complete road map of the course ahead

What is the main purpose of providing the surgical team with a precise and complete road map of the course ahead through cardiac catheterization?

• To complicate the planned surgical approach

• To decrease the efficiency of the operative procedure

• To provide a carefully reasoned and maximally efficient operative procedure

• To increase the risk of embarking on cardiac surgery

What is the risk of embarking on cardiac surgery on a patient for whom an incorrect clinical diagnosis or the presence of an unsuspected additional condition greatly prolongs and complicates the planned surgical approach?

• Comparable to the risk of catheterization in young patients with echo-proven valvular disease and no symptoms of myocardial ischemia

• Extremely high

• Extremely small

• Relatively higher

What information obtained by cardiac catheterization may be invaluable in the assessment of crucial determinants of prognosis?

• Status of the pulmonary vasculature and the patency of the coronary arteries

• LV function and the patency of the coronary arteries

• LV function and status of the pulmonary vasculature

• LV function, status of the pulmonary vasculature, and the patency of the coronary arteries