Key Concept 5C Vocab

What were political machines in American cities during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

• Powerful organizations that fought for social justice

• Corrupt political organizations that controlled local government

• Community centers that provided support to immigrants

• Crowded apartment buildings that housed many people

What was the main focus of the Social Gospel movement?

• Improving living conditions in tenement housing

• Providing educational programs for immigrants

• Restricting immigration based on nationality

• Promoting social justice through Christian principles

What services did settlement homes provide to immigrants and low-income residents?

• Educational programs and resources

• Ventilation and sanitation facilities

• Expensive housing

• Political support and favors

What were tenement housing buildings like during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

• Primarily occupied by native-born Americans

• Crowded and poorly maintained with minimal facilities

• Associated with wealth and prosperity

• Well-maintained and spacious apartments

Who were the 'old immigrants' that arrived in the United States before the 1880s?

• Chinese laborers seeking job opportunities

• Native-born Americans living in urban areas

• Immigrants from Northern and Western European countries

• Immigrants from Southern and Eastern European regions

Where did the 'new immigrants' primarily come from?

• Asia and the Middle East

• Southern and Eastern European regions

• Latin American countries

• Northern and Western European countries

What is nativism?

• The immigration processing center in New York Harbor

• A preference for the interests of established inhabitants over immigrants

• The process of assimilating into American society

• A movement that fought for social justice

What is Americanization?

• The process of assimilating into American society

• The process of preserving and promoting native-born culture

• The process of adopting customs and values from other countries

• The process of restricting immigration based on nationality

What did the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 do?

• Prohibited the immigration of Chinese laborers

• Provided medical examinations for immigrants

• Operated as an entry point for immigrants in New York

• Restricted immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe

What was the purpose of Ellis Island?

• To provide social services to immigrants

• To process and inspect immigrants primarily from Asia

• To process and inspect immigrants primarily from Europe

• To restrict immigration based on nationality