Cell injury 2

How do some toxins contribute to cellular damage?

• By increasing ATP synthesis

• By promoting membrane integrity

• By inhibiting enzymes and causing DNA damage

• By reducing oxidative stress

Which of the following is the anti apoptotic protein that inhibit apoptosis?

• BH3

• BAK

• BAX

• BCL

Which statement is true regarding apoptosis?

• It is always pathological and harmful to the organism

• It involves cell swelling and rupture

• It plays a role in normal development and tissue homeostasis

• It is synonymous with necrosis

What is a characteristic feature of necrosis?

• Cell shrinkage and fragmentation

• Energy-dependent process

• Involvement of caspase enzymes

• Inflammation and release of cellular contents

In which of the following situations is apoptosis a normal and essential process for maintaining health?

• During a bacterial infection

• Embryonic development

• Tissue injury and inflammation

• Cellular response to toxins

Which disorder is associated with impaired apoptosis, leading to the accumulation of damaged cells?

• Alzheimer's disease

• Rheumatoid arthritis

• Diabetes mellitus

• Parkinson's disease