Judicial Branch Review

Which principle was the focus of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

• right to counsel
• self-incrimination
• freedom of speech
• freedom of expression

Which was an outcome of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954)?

• Criminal defendants have the right to an attorney.
• Students have a reduced expectation of privacy in school.
• Public school districts that segregate deny equal protection.
• Administrators may limit the content of student publications.

A man has his car repaired at a local automotive repair shop. His car breaks down on his way home from the shop. He sues the repair shop for breach of contract. This case would fall within which jurisdiction?

• state
• special
• federal
• concurrent

The passage below is from Article III, Section 1 of the U.S. Constitution. “The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts athe Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.” Which option accurately summarizes this passage from the Constitution?

• Section 1 vests all judicial power with the Supreme Court.
• Section 1 establishes that federal judges are elected and their salaries may not change throughout their tenure.
• Section 1 establishes the role of the courts in our nation, setting a precedent for what all courts and court officials can rule on
• Section 1 vests judicial power in federal courts, requires a supreme court, allows for inferior courts, establishes life tenure for judges, and prohibits decreasing the salaries of judges.

What is the term for a court’s authority to hear and decide a matter before any other court can review the matter?

• original jurisdiction
• appellate jurisdiction
• exclusive jurisdicition
• concurrent jurisdiction

How did the decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) expand the power of the Supreme Court?

• It restricted the use of the elastic clause.
• It established the power of judicial review.
• It interpreted the interstate commerce clause.
• It upheld the constitutionality of the National Bank.

The diagram below provides details about the U.S. court system. Which option completes the diagram?

• Circuit Court
• Supreme Court
• Court of Veterans Appeals
• Court of International Trade

What is being requested when a petitioner asks the Supreme Court of the U.S. to issue a writ of certiorari?

• That the U.S. Supreme Court honor the decision made in the lower court
• That the U.S. Supreme Court reverse the decision made in the lower court
• That an order be made for the lower court to send the case to the U.S. Supreme Court for review
• That an order be made for the removal of a U.S. Supreme Court Justice from reviewing a case

Which headline illustrates the use of judicial review?

• “Congress Passes a Civil Rights Bill”
• “Conference Committee Meets to Finalize Budget”
• “Governor Race Decided By Narrowest Margin on Record”
• “New Jersey’s Reapportionment Plan Ruled Unconstitutional”

In civil cases, the injured party who brings an action against an alleged offender is referred to by which term?

• Plaintiff
• Reviewer
• Defendant
• Prosecutor