05.1 - Cellular Respiration: An Overview (20pts.)

Living things need energy to carry out their life processes.

Animals get this energy from food through a process called cellular ​ (a)   . The first stage, glycolysis, occurs in ​ (b)   conditions, or without oxygen. The second stage, called the Krebs cycle, and the third stage, electron transport, require the presence of oxygen, and are therefore ​ (c)  

• respiration

• anaerobic

• aerobic

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

Answer explanation

Living things get energy through cellular respiration. Glycolysis is anaerobic, while the Krebs cycle and electron transport are aerobic processes.

Tags

HS-LS2-B-1

Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates can store different amounts of energy because they have different chemical ​ (a)   and different numbers of energy-storing chemical bonds. Carbohydrates and proteins each release ​ (b)   calories per gram when burned, and fat releases about ​ (c)   calories per gram. The molecule containing the most energy-storing chemical bonds is ​ (d)   .

• structures

• masses

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• 4000

• 9000

• fat

Answer explanation

Different chemical structures and energy-storing chemical bonds determine the energy storage capacity. Fat releases 9000 calories per gram, the highest among the options.

Tags

HS-LS1-C-3

HS-LS1-C-4

In cellular respiration, energy is trapped in the form of ATP, which is used for cellular work, and acts as a “currency” for energy transfers within a cell.

Which everyday item functions in a way similar to ATP?

• an electric generator, because it produces electrical energy from a fuel the power to run cell processes

• a pump, because it moves molecules from one side of a membrane to another

• a rechargeable battery, because it can store energy and then release it

• an electric motor, because the charge difference spins the ATP, which allows for cellular work

Answer explanation

The correct choice is a rechargeable battery because it can store energy and then release it, similar to how ATP traps and releases energy for cellular work.

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

Which one of the following describes the process of aerobic cellular respiration?

• a process that uses nitrogen molecules from the air to make nitrogenous compounds in living things

• a process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen, forming new compounds

• a process of energy conversion that captures light energy and transforms it into chemical energy

• a process of energy transfer that converts liquid water into water vapor

Answer explanation

The correct choice describes aerobic cellular respiration as a process of energy conversion that releases energy from food in the presence of oxygen, forming new compounds.

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

Cellular respiration is balanced by photosynthesis; the two processes work together for the cycling of carbon on Earth. Look at the diagram.

Label the diagram with the correct reactants, products, and terms.

c

b

d

e

f

a

Photosynthesis

Glucose and Oxygen

Light energy

Cellular Respiration

Water and Carbon dioxide

Heat and ATP

Tags

HS-LS1-C-3

HS-LS1-C-4

What process removes Carbon Dioxide from the air?

Tags

HS-LS1-C-1

Which step is Glycolysis?

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

Which step is also called the "Citric Acid cycle"?

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

Which step makes the MOST ATP?

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

According to the diagram, how many Carbon Dioxide molecules are needed to make 1 molecule of C₆H₁₂O₆?

Mathematical Equivalence

ON

Tags

HS-LS1-C-4

HS-LS1-C-3