BIT6253: CH3 Argument, Reasoning and Conclusion

Rewrite the following arguments in their standard form:

1. a) No brass instruments use reeds, and flutes do not use reeds, so flutes must be brass instruments.

3. b) Betty will be angry unless someone else brings the music stands. But if Ann does not bring them, no one will. So either Ann will bring the music stands or Betty will be angry.

c) People who are red or green color blind cannot distinguish between green and brown. Gerald cannot distinguish between green and brown. Therefore, Gerald is red or green color blind.

Does the position of a car driver's seat have a significant impact on driving safety? It probably does. Driving position affects both comfort and the ability to see the road clearly. A driver who is uncomfortable eventually becomes fatigued, which makes it difficult to concentrate on the road. Likewise, the better the vibility from the driver's seat, the more aware the driver can be of road conditions and other vehicles.

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Referring to the above argument, identify the main conclusion.

Based on the argument map displayed, write a proper argument statement.

Classify the validity of the following arguments:

a) All cats have tails. Fluffy has a tail. Therefore, Fluffy is a cat.

b) If it is raining, then the ground is wet. The ground is wet. Therefore, it is raining.

Explain the reason why does the followings argument statements are considered as invalid.

a) If it is sunny, then the beach will be crowded. The beach is crowded, so it must be sunny.

b) Most people love chocoloate. Mary loves chocolate, so she must be part of the majority.