Sleep and Circadian Rhythms

How does the two-process model explain why we tend to feel sleepy in the early afternoon?

• Process S decreases after morning wakefulness

• Process C peaks at this time

• Process S and C are both low

• Process S and C both ramp up

According to the two-process model, what causes sleepiness at night when getting ready for bed?

• Process S dissipates while process C is low

• Both process S and process C are elevated

• Process S remains high while process C drops

• Process C peaks while process S is low

In which stage of sleep is it hardest to wake someone up?

• NREM 1

• NREM 2

• NREM 3

• REM

Why do some argue daylight saving time disrupts circadian rhythms?

• Time change occurs too early in spring

• Transitions twice a year are too frequent

• Shifts sunrise and sunset times later

• Extends daylight later into evening

What was a primary motivation for expanding daylight saving time in the US in 2005?

• Conserve more energy

• Boost commerce by extending evening daylight

• Improve public health and safety

• Align with sunrise and sunset times

What is the hormone secreted by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles?

• Cortisol

• Serotonin

• Melatonin

• Growth hormone

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

What is the term for the cyclical pattern of sleep stages that occurs during a normal night of sleep?

• Sleep cycle

• Circadian rhythm

• Sleep architecture

• REM cycle

Which sleep stage is associated with vivid dreaming?

• Stage 1 sleep

• Stage 2 sleep

• Slow wave sleep

• REM sleep

Which brain waves are present during deep slow wave sleep?

• Alpha waves

• Beta waves

• Theta waves

• Delta waves

Which neurotransmitter system is critical for generating REM sleep?

• Norepinephrine

• Acetylcholine

• Serotonin

• Orexin