Cytogenetic

What is the basic unit of chromatin structure?

• nucleosome

• DNA

• gene

• chromosome

What are the two main components of chromatin?

• RNA and proteins

• Lipids and proteins

• DNA and proteins

• Carbohydrates and proteins

What is the function of chromatin?

• Synthesize proteins

• Package DNA

• Transcribe RNA

• Regulate gene expression

What is the role of histones in chromatin structure?

• Histones are responsible for DNA replication.

• Histones are involved in RNA transcription.

• Histones organize and compact DNA into a condensed form.

• Histones protect DNA from damage.

What are the two types of chromatin?

• exons and introns

• centromeres and telomeres

• nucleosomes and histones

• euchromatin and heterochromatin

What is the difference between euchromatin and heterochromatin?

• Euchromatin is tightly packed DNA that is transcriptionally active, while heterochromatin is loosely packed DNA that is transcriptionally inactive.

• Euchromatin and heterochromatin have the same level of DNA packing, but euchromatin is transcriptionally inactive while heterochromatin is transcriptionally active.

• Euchromatin is loosely packed DNA that is transcriptionally active, while heterochromatin is tightly packed DNA that is transcriptionally inactive.

• Euchromatin and heterochromatin have the same level of DNA packing, but euchromatin is transcriptionally active while heterochromatin is transcriptionally inactive.

Very small p arm; centromere is very near end

• Submetacentric

• Acrocentric

• Telocentric

• Metacentric

What is the purpose of chromatin condensation?

• To make DNA more accessible for transcription

• To package DNA into a more compact and organized structure

• To increase the size of the DNA molecule

• To prevent DNA replication

How does chromatin structure affect gene expression?

• Chromatin structure only affects non-regulatory genes.

• Chromatin structure directly codes for gene expression.

• Chromatin structure regulates gene expression by controlling the accessibility of genes to regulatory proteins.

• Chromatin structure has no effect on gene expression.

Which choice best describes the DNA of a prokaryote?

• single circular chromosome

• single linear chromosome

• multiple circular chromosomes

• multiple linear chromosomes