Quiz 2 (edu psyc)

In classical conditioning, what is the neutral stimulus (NS) initially associated with?

• The unconditioned response (UR)

• The conditioned response (CR)

• The unconditioned stimulus (US)

• The conditioned stimulus (CS)

What is the primary focus of classical conditioning?

• Reinforcing behaviors with rewards

• Associating stimuli and responses

• Shaping behaviors through consequences

• Observational learning

What is the term for the reappearance of a previously extinguished conditioned response after a period of rest or time has passed?

• Spontaneous recovery

• Generalization

• Discrimination

• Extinction

Which of the following best describes the concept of "acquisition" in classical conditioning?

• The process of unlearning a conditioned response

• The initial stage of learning when a response is associated with a stimulus

• The ability to generalize a conditioned response to similar stimuli

• The tendency to respond only to the original conditioned stimulus

The process of classical conditioning was first described by which psychologist?

• Sigmund Freud

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• Abraham Maslow

In operant conditioning, what is the term for a consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior recurring?

• Punishment

• Reinforcement

• Extinction

• Discrimination

What is the primary focus of operant conditioning?

• Associating stimuli and responses

• Learning through observation

• Shaping behaviors through consequences

• Creating emotional associations

In operant conditioning, what is the term for removing something aversive in order to increase a behavior?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

If a student studies diligently for an exam to avoid failing, what type of operant conditioning process is being demonstrated?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

Which term refers to the process of gradually shaping a complex behavior by rewarding successive approximations of the target behavior?

• Extinction

• Generalization

• Discrimination

• Shaping