Intro to micro Pathogenic Organisms & Types of Infection LU 4

What is bacteria that is normally found in or on our body called?

• opportunist

• normal flora

• true pathogen

• host

Answer explanation

Bacteria that are normally found in or on our body are referred to as 'normal flora'. They play a crucial role in maintaining health by preventing the growth of harmful pathogens.

What is the term used to refer to a pathogen that does not normally cause disease but will take advantage if a person has a weakened immune system?

• opportunist

• pathogenicity

• normal flora

• true pathogen

• nonpathogenic

Answer explanation

The term 'opportunist' refers to pathogens that typically do not cause disease but can exploit a weakened immune system to cause infections. This distinguishes them from true pathogens, which can cause disease in healthy individuals.

What is the term for a microbe that produces disease called?

• pathogen

• non-pathogenic

• host

• endogenous

• exogenous

Answer explanation

A microbe that produces disease is called a pathogen. Pathogens can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that cause illness in hosts.

What is organism from which a parasite obtains its nourishment called?

• host

• pathogen

• opportunitist

• human vector

• normal flora

Answer explanation

The organism from which a parasite obtains nourishment is called a 'host'. The host provides the necessary resources for the parasite to survive and reproduce.

What is a condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that can multiply and produces injurious effects called?

• infectious

• contaminated

• communicable

• infiltration

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'infectious' because it describes a condition where the body is invaded by a pathogen that multiplies and causes harm, distinguishing it from terms like 'contaminated' or 'communicable'.

What is a disease in which the causative agent is directly or indirectly transmitted from host to host called?

• communicable

• non-communicable

• pathogenic

• primary

• systemic

Answer explanation

A disease that can be transmitted from one host to another is called a communicable disease. This term encompasses infections spread directly or indirectly, making 'communicable' the correct choice.

What is the term for the presence of bacteria in the blood but does not grow and mulitply referred to as?

• toxemia

• septicemia

• bacteremia

• blood poisoning

Answer explanation

The correct term for the presence of bacteria in the blood that does not grow and multiply is 'bacteremia'. Unlike septicemia, which involves active bacterial growth, bacteremia indicates a transient presence of bacteria.

What is the term used to describe the relative power or the extent of an organism to produce disease called?

• pathogenicity

• virulence

• attenuation

• pathogenic

• opportunistic

Answer explanation

The term 'virulence' refers to the degree of pathogenicity or the ability of an organism to cause disease. It specifically measures the severity of the disease produced, making it the correct choice for this question.

What is the term used for long term disease called?

• acute

• chronic

• virulent

• endemic

Answer explanation

The term for a long-term disease is 'chronic.' Unlike 'acute' diseases that are severe but short-lived, chronic diseases persist over time, often requiring ongoing management.

Which of the following describes an infection that has become worldwide such as Covid 19?

• epidemic

• endemic

• sporadic

• pandemic

Answer explanation

A pandemic refers to an infection that spreads across multiple countries or continents, affecting a large number of people. Covid-19 is a prime example of a pandemic, as it has impacted the entire world.