Unit 7: Ecology & Human Impact

In an energy pyramid, the greatest amount of stored energy is found at level

• 1) A (top)
• 2) B (2nd)
• 3) C (3rd)
• 4) D (bottom)

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A certain species of plant serves as the only food for the young larvae of a particular species of butterfly. In a large field, a disease kills all the members of this plant species. As a result of the plant disease, the butterfly population will most likely

• (1) quickly adapt to eat other plants
• (2) disappear from the area
• (3) evolve to form a new species
• (4) enter the adult stage more quickly

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When handling cat litter, humans can potentially be exposed to a harmful single-celled protozoan. Its primary host is the common domestic cat, but it can also live in humans. This protozoan is an example of a

• (1) predator
• (2) producer
• (3) parasite
• (4) scavenger

A food web is represented in the diagram below. If the fish population decreases, what is the most direct effect this will have on the aquatic ecosystem?

• (1) The leopard seals will all die from lack of food.
• (2) The krill population will only be consumed by seagulls.
• (3) The zooplankton population will increase in size.
• (4) The phytoplankton population will increase in size.

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Which group of organisms in an ecosystem fills the niche of recycling organic matter back to the environment?

• (1) carnivores
• (2) decomposers
• (3) producers
• (4) predators

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The use of solar panels has increased in the last ten years. A benefit of using solar energy would include

• (1) adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
• (2) using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs
• (3) using a nonrenewable source of energy
• (4) releasing more gases for photosynthesis

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The governments of many countries have regulations that are designed to prevent the accidental introduction of nonnative insects into their countries. This is because, in these new habitats, the nonnative insects might

• (1) become food for birds
• (2) not survive a cold winter
• (3) not have natural predators
• (4) add to the biodiversity

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Which action could humans take to slow the rate of global warming?

• (1) Cut down trees for more effi cient land use.
• (2) Increase the consumption of petroleum products.
• (3) Use alternate sources of energy such as wind.
• (4) Reduce the use of fuel-effi cient automobiles.

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Which human activity can have a negative impact on the stability of a mature ecosystem?

• (1) replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down for lumber
• (2) building dams to control the fl ow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity
• (3) preserving natural wetlands, such as swamps, to reduce fl ooding after heavy rainfalls
• (4) passing laws that limit the dumping of pollutants in forests

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Energy in this ecosystem passes directly from the Sun to

• (1) herbivores
• (2) consumers
• (3) heterotrophs
• (4) autotrophs

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