Unit 1: Enlightenment & Revolutions

The Scientific Revolution began when a small group of scholars began to question the accuracy of which concept?

• The Geocentric Theory

• The Law of Gravity

• The Heliocentric Theory

• The Renaissance

What was the purpose of a salon during the Age of Enlightenment?

• To ensure that noble women had proper styling required by law

• To spread ideas through social gatherings and discussion

• They were used as medical clinics after closing for the workday 

• To encourage gossip about the King and plot a coup to overthrow him

Which of the following describes a form of government in which a single ruler is not restricted by a constitution or laws and claims the divine right of kings?

• Absolutism

• Imperialism

• Mercantilism

• Nationalism

Which Enlightenment idea means "the will of the people" and is typically expressed by voting?

• Enlightened Despot

• Consent of the Governed 

• Natural Rights 

• The Social Contract

This Enlightenment thinker expressed the need for a criminal justice system, and protections against cruel punishment?

• Joseph II

• Cesare Beccaria

• Thomas Hobbes

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Which Enlightenment thinker argued that the natural state of mankind is cruel and evil, so they needed a government led by a absolute monarch to keep them “in check.”

• Hobbes

• Rousseau

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

Italian physicist, mathematician, and astronomer who invented an accurate telescope and supported Copernicus's ideas. He was arrested for heresy and put on house arrest until he recanted his statements supporting Copernicus. 

• Sir Isaac Newton 

• Johannes Kepler

• Galileo Galilei 

• Sir Frances Bacon

French Enlightenment philosopher who strongly believed in freedom of speech and religion:

• Voltaire

• Locke

• Diderot

• Wollstonecraft

Enlightenment philosopher who believed people had natural rights of life, liberty, and property:

• Locke

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

An agreement between people and the government to give up some rights for safety and protection:

• Philosophers

• Democracy

• Social Contract

• Divine Right of Kings