Concussion Injuries in NFL Players

What imaging technique did the researchers use to track brain injury in NFL players?

• MRI scanning

• CT scanning

• PET scanning

• Ultrasound imaging

What is the neurodegenerative disease associated with repeated concussive head injuries?

• Alzheimer's disease

• Parkinson's disease

• Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE)

• Multiple sclerosis

How many NFL players were included in the study?

• 9

• 11

• 12

• 15

Which brain region showed higher levels of the biomarker TSPO in NFL players compared to controls?

• Frontal lobe

• Temporal lobe

• Hippocampus

• Occipital lobe

What did the researchers find in the MRI scans of the NFL players?

• Brain tissue loss

• Increased white matter

• Decreased hippocampus size

• Enlarged ventricles

What is the estimated number of concussions that occur each year in the United States?

• 100,000 - 500,000

• 500,000 - 1 million

• 1 million - 2 million

• 2 million - 4 million

What is the biomarker of brain injury that was measured in the study?

• TSPO

• Amyloid beta

• Tau protein

• Glutamate

What is the potential effect of creatine supplements on the imaging results?

• Enhance brain repair

• Improve memory

• Interfere with results

• Reduce inflammation

What is the main goal of further research using PET scanning technology?

• Diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy

• Understand the relationship between concussion and brain damage

• Develop preventive interventions for athletes

• Improve the lives of retired NFL players

Which university was involved in the research?

• Johns Hopkins University

• Harvard University

• Stanford University

• University of California, Berkeley