Science Chapter 5 Vocabulary

magma that flows out onto Earth’s surface

• Lava
• Igneous rock
• Sedimentary rock
• Metamorphic rock

form when lava or magma cools and crystallizes

• Sedimentary rock
• Metamorphic rock
• Igneous rock
• Fossil

process in which different minerals melt into magma at different temperatures, changing its composition

• Fractional crystallization
• Subduction
• Magma differentiation
• Partial melting

sequential , predictable , dual- branched pattern in which minerals crystallize from cooling magma

• Bowen's Reaction Series
• Plate Tectonics Theory
• Rock Cycle
• Law of Superposition

similar to particle melting in that the composition of magma can change

• fractional crystallization

• intrusive rocks

• extrusive rock

• basaliic rock

intrusive or extrusive rock from the cooling and crystallization of lava

• Intrusive rock
• Extrusive rock
• Metamorphic rock
• Sedimentary rock

grained igneous rock that is formed when molten rock cools quickly and solidifies on Earth’s surface

• Extrusive rock

• Granite
• Slate
• Marble

rocks that is dark colored, has lower silica contents , and is rich in iron and magnesium,  contains mostly plagioclase and pyroxene

• Basaliic rocks

• Granite
• Sandstone
• Limestone

light -colored , intrusive igneous rock that has high silica content

• Granitic rock

• Basalt
• Gabbro
• Diorite

 refers to the size, shape, and distribution of the crystals or grains that make up a rock

• Texture
• Color
• Density
• Hardness