WH Chapter 2 Review

a ship invented by the Portuguese that made it possible to travel long distances

• schooner
• caravel
• lateen
• astrolab

Spanish conquerors of the Americas

• conquistadors
• Aztecs
• Incas
• encomienda

seventeenth-century economic theory that held that the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold and silver

• encomienda
• mercantilism
• mita
• Columbian Exchange

forced labor system used by the Spanish in colonial Latin America

• ecomienda
• peninsulares
• indentured servitude
• mita

exchange of plants, animals, and people between Europe, Asia, and the Americas

• Middle Passage
• Northwest Passage
• Columbian Exchange
• Magellan Exchange

forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas

• Columbian Exchange
• Middle Passage
• Mita
• Inquisition

settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control

• caravel
• colony
• mission
• state

sponsored the first Portuguese fleets to explore the west coast of Africa

• Prince Henry the Navigator
• Christopher Columbus
• John Cabor
• Hernan Cortes

Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America

• peninsulares
• colonists
• mestizos
• creole

Vasco da Gama's discovery of a route to India by sea proved to be

• very profitable, since da Gama returned with a valuable cargo of spices
• far too costly to be sailed on a regular basis
• useless because of the difficulties and expenses of making the trip
• too long to be repeated