Cardiovascular System

What is blood pressure ?

• the force that blood exerts on the heart

• the speed of blood

• The force that blood exerts on the walls of a blood vessel

• the consistency of blood inside blood vessels

'Congestive heart failure' means

• fluid forms often in the lungs

• blood vessels become larger

• the heart compensates for the disease by pumping harder

• death of the cardiac tissue

How can an atheroma lead to myocardial infarction?

• The coronary artery gets blocked

• Heart cells can only respire aerobically

• An increase in pH denatures enzymes

• All of the above

Myocardial infarction refers to

• Narrowing of the lumen

• Anaerobic respiration in the cells

• death of cardiac tissue due to cessation of blood flow

• fluid overload in the heart

Which of the following blood tests most accurately diagnoses a myocardial infarction?

• Troponin I

• Full blood count

• Prothrombin index

• Creatinine kinase

Define angina

• Heart attack

• Side effect of nitroglycerin

• Pain brought on by increase oxygen demand

• Heart fluttering

The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made from

• Ventilation/perfusion scan

• cardiac fluroscopy

• pulmonary function tests

• lateral chest film

What is cardiac output?

• The volume of deoxygenated blood returning to the heart

• The volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute

• The volume of blood sent to the lungs for oxygenation

• Volume of blood sent by left ventricle during contraction

Heart murmurs are pretty common in infective endocarditis

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Inflammation causes stenosis of the valve leading to murmur.

Auscultation of a patient's chest with pericarditis, the nurse would anticipate to hear:

• crackles

• wheezing

• a grating, scratching sound

• a low murmur