respiratory

What is the most influencing factor of respiratory rate?

• H+

• CO2

• O2

• H20

What establishes our baseline respiratory rhythm?

• Phrenic nerve

• Intercostal nerves

• Neurons in pons and medulla

• Exercise

The pressure gradient that supports inspiration is described as:

• Diaphragm relaxes

  internal intercostals contract to further depress ribcage

  thoracic cavity decreases

  Intrapulmonary pressure increases

• Diaphragm relaxes

  Intercostals relax

  Thoracic cavity decreases (500mL)

  Intrapulmonary pressure increases

• Diaphragm contracts

  External intercostals contract

  Thoracic cavity volume increases (500mL)

  Intrapulmonary pressure drops

• Diaphragm contracts

  Internal intercostals contract

  Thoracic cavity volume increases (500mL)

  Intrapulmonary pressure drops

What is surfactant?

• The degree of elasticity of the chest wall as the thoracic wall moves outwards

• A type of epithelial tissue

• Oil based fluid that splints open the alveoli

• Water based fluid that splints open alveoli

What is the function of sensory fibres of the lungs?

• Constrict bronchioles via contracting smooth muscle

• Dilate bronchioles via relaxing smooth muscle

• Send messages to respiratory centre in the brainstem to influence respiratory rhythm

What type of respiration occurs at the respiratory membrane?

• Passive

• Internal respiration

• External respiration

• Forced

Wha is an example of an obstructive disorder?

• asthma

• arthritis

• COPD

What detects the CO2 and O2 changes?

• Thermoreceptors

• Chemoreceptors

• Osmoreceptors

• Stretch receptors

Where are peripheral chemoreceptors found?

• Brain stem

• External and internal intercostal muscles

• Diaphragm

• Carotid bodies and aorta

What is the response to increased arterial PCO2?

• respiratory rate and depth decreases

• respiratory rate and depth increases

• Nothing PCO2 does not change respiratory rate