Hydrothermal Vent Ecosystems

Alfred Wegener named his single supercontinent ____________, which means "all Earth" in ancient Greek.

• Pandora

• Gandowandaland

• Pangea

• Percia

A location where two tectonic plates collide is known as a _________ boundary.

• Convergent
• Divergent
• Transform
• Spreading

Which layer of Earth flows slowly and causes the crust to move?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Inner Core

• Outer core

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

• crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

• mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

• crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

• outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

Sea-floor spreading explains how.....

• new crust is created at a divergent boundary

• volcanoes are formed on continents

• deep sea trenches are formed

_______ are mountain chains on the ocean floor.

• Sea-floor ridges

• Mid-ocean ridges

• Tectonic plates

• Photosynthesis

Oceanic crust near the mid-ocean ridge is younger than oceanic crust farther away from the ridge.

• true

• false

Mid-ocean ridges form the longest mountain ranges on Earth.

• true

• false

Which ocean zone contains hydrothermal vents?

• Deep zone (abyss)
• Surface zone (sunlight)
• Shallow zone (twilight)
• Midnight zone

Deep ocean technology has discovered organisms in hydrothermal vents that do not rely on sunlight to survive. What do these organisms use as their energy source?

• chemosynthesis
• electrical charge
• hydropower
• thermal heat