SUMMATIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM & ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (ORIGINAL III)

A cerebral hemorrhage located within the brain is classified as:

• (a)            an epidural hematoma.

• (b)           an extradural hematoma.

• (c)            an intracerebral hematoma.

• (d)           a subdural hematoma.

The Glasgow Coma Scale is used to determine the level of consciousness. A score considered indicative of a coma is:

• (a)            1.

• (b)           3.

• (c)            5

• (d)           7

Assessing the level of consciousness is an important nursing measure postinjury. Signs of increasing intracranial pressure (ICP) include:

• (a)            bradycardia.

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• (b)           increased systolic blood pressure.

• (c)            widening pulse pressure.

• (d)           all of the above

An indicator of elevated body temperature in a head-injured patient is:

• (a)            cerebral irritation from hemorrhage.

• (b)           damage to the hypothalamus.

• (c)            infection.

• (d)           all of the above.

To prevent decreased cerebral perfusion pressure after brain injury, the nurse knows that cerebral perfusion pressure must be at a minimum of

• (a)            15 mm Hg.

• (b)           30 mm Hg.

• (c)            50 mm Hg.

• (d)           60 mm Hg.

Respiratory difficulty and paralysis of all four extremities occur with spinal cord injury.

• (a)            above C2.

• (b)           at C6.

• (c)            at C7.

• (d)           around C8.

High doses of which drug have been found to reduce swelling and disability if given within 8 hours of injury even though its use is controversial?

• (a)            Mannitol.

• (b)           Methylprednisolone sodium.

• (c)            Naloxone.

• (d)           Neomycin.

Loss of autonomic nervous system function below the level of the lesion causes what kind of shock?

• (a)            Cardiac.

• (b)           Hypovolemic.

• (c)            Septic.

• (d)           Neurogenic.

A common complication of immobility in a spinal cord injury is:

• (a)            pressure ulcers

• (b)           thrombophlebitis.

• (c)            urinary tract infections.

• (d)           pneumonia

Identify the bacteria not associated with the cause of septic meningitis:

• (a)            Cryptococcus neoformans

• (b)           Haemophilus influenza

• (c)            Neisseria meningitides

• (d)           Streptococcus pneumoniae