Biology test practice

What is the structure of DNA

• A three dimensional cube made up of repeating units

• A thing that codes for your genes

• two linked strands that wind around each other to resemble a twisted ladder — a shape known as a double helix.

• A circle made out of sugar

Explain base pairing rules in DNA.

• Adenine (A) and cytosine (C) pair together, and guanine (G) and thymine (T) pair together

• Adenine (A) and thymine (T) pair together, and cytosine (C) and guanine (G) pair together

• Adenine (A) and guanine (G) pair together, and cytosine (C) and thymine (T) pair together

• Adenine (A) and cytosine (C) pair together, guanine (G) and Adenine (A) pair together

Which scientist used X-ray crystallography so that we could determine the structure of DNA?

• Rosalind Franklin

• Albert Einstein

• Heisenberg

• Franklin D Roosevelt

Which two scientists won the Nobel prize for their discoveries with DNA structure?

• James Watson and Francis Crick

• James Watson and Francis Circk

• James Watson and Fransis Circk

• James Waston and Francis Crick

What makes up the DNA backbone

• Alternating sugar and phosphate groups

• Alternating sugar and prospate groups

• Hydrogen and oxygen atoms

• Carbon and nitrogen atoms

What makes up the “rungs” or “steps” of the DNA ladder?

• adenine (U), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)

• abenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)

• adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T)

• adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine ($), and thymine (T)

What is the monomer (repeating units) of DNA or RNA?

• Nucleotide

• a base, a sugar (deoxyribose) and a phosphate residue.

• Nukleotide

• a base, a nitrogen (deoxyribose)

  and a prophet residue

What is DNA replication?

• the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division

• The process by which cells divide but don't reproduce

• The process by which protein is synthesized

• Where genetic information is passed

What are the steps of DNA replication?

• the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the template strand, and the assembly of the new DNA segment.

• the opening of the double helix and separation of the DNA strands, the priming of the genes, and the assembly of the new DNA segment

• the opening of the helix, and separation of the DNA strand, the priming of the tempate strand, and the asselmby of the same DNA segment.

• The closing of the double helix

What are the main 4 enzymes involved in DNA replication? What are their functions?

• DNA Helicase: Unwinds the double helix by breaking hydrogen bonds

•  RNA primase: Builds an RNA primer on leading and lagging strands.

• DNA polymerase: Adds daughter nucleotides on the parent’s strands

• DNA ligase: Joins Okazaki fragments to form a continuous strand.