Quiz 1 Review

When a neuron is maintaining the at-rest membrane potential, what is the state of the K+ leak channel, voltage-gated Na+/K+ channel, and the voltage-gated K+ channel?

• K+ leak: OPEN

  Voltage-gated Na+/K+: OPEN

  Voltage-gated K+: CLOSED

• K+ leak: CLOSED

  Voltage-gated Na+/K+: CLOSED

  Voltage-gated K+: OPEN

• K+ leak: OPEN

  Voltage-gated Na+/K+: CLOSED

  Voltage-gated K+: OPEN

• K+ leak: OPEN

  Voltage-gated Na+/K+: CLOSED

  Voltage-gated K+: CLOSED

Which person is the following quote attributed to? "If a tree falls in the forest, and no person is around to hear it, does it make a sound?" (paraphrased)

• George Berkeley

• John Locke

• Thomas Hobbes

• Gustav Flechner

Nociceptors are to _____ as photoreceptors are to _____.

• pain; sight

• light; pain

• fear; vision

• pain; light

Which part of a neuron would a myelin sheath wrap itself around?

• Dendrites

• Cell body, also called the Soma

• Axon

• Axon terminals

What does Fechner's Law describe?

• As the stimulus intensity increases, the perceived intensity increases in a 1-to-1 fashion

• As the stimulus intensity increases, the perceived intensity increases independently of it

• As the stimulus intensity increases, the perceived intensity increases less quickly

• As the perceived intensity increases, the stimulus intensity increases less quickly

What best describes the process of stimulus perception?

• A target stimulus interacts with a sensory neuron; depolarization follows

• A sensory neuron interacts with its target stimulus; depolarization is now less likely to occur

• A target stimulus interacts with the brain; depolarization follows toward sensory neurons

• A concentration gradient changes, allowing a target stimulus to trigger a sensory neuron

Which best describes a concentration gradient?

• The concentration of ions "wants" to be more divided; i.e., positive ions grouped here, negative ions grouped there

• The concentration of ions "wants" to be spread out and random; i.e., positive and negative ions evenly spaced out with zero order

• The concentration of ions "wants" to be organized according to element (refer to the periodic table)

• The concentration of ions "wants" to keep moving around no matter what

A study investigated a group of adults who associated letters of the alphabet with a specific color, such as the letter L being yellow. It was found that, as children, these people all used the same fridge magnet set of letters which featured those same specific color-letter associations. Nevertheless, what is this an example of?

• Synesthesia

• Psychophysics

• Synaptic cross-wiring

• Synaptic modulation failure

Who is known as "the father of optics"?

• Democritus

• Rene Descartes

• Fan Zhen

• Ibn al-Haitham

To who is the following phrase attributed to? "I think, therefore I am (Cognito ergo sum)

• Democritus

• Rene Descartes

• Fan Zhen

• Ibn al-Haitham