AP Computer Science Principles Big Idea 4

What is a computer network?

• A way to connect devices to share data

• Web pages that can be shared globally

• A dedicated line from one computer to another

• A set of IP addresses needed to access other computers

What are the connected steps between a sending and a receiving location called?

• A route

• A heuristic

• A path

• A conduit

What is bandwidth

• How long it takes 10 megabytes of data to be sent

• The amount of data that can be sent in a fixed period of time

• The delay in how long it takes between requesting and loading a web page

• The amount of data divided by the latency

Why is Internet routing usually dynamic?

• So that if a path on the route is congested or not working, a new path can be assigned

• So that it can speed up or slow down as necessary to avoid data congestion

• So that new routes can be tested before being available globally

• So that as noise on a route becomes louder, traffic can e limited until it reaches acceptable levels

What is the name for the protocol that handles processing at the sending and receiving locations?

• Local Area Network Protocol

• Point-to-point Protocol

• Transmission Control Protocol

• Redundancy Protocol

Answer explanation

TCP handles processing at the sending and receiving locations. It breaks the data stream into packets, adds header information, and sends them on the way to the requesting location using IP. Once received, TCP sends an acknowledgement and puts the packets back in order.

What is the number assigned to devices on the Internet?

• Internet Protocol address

• Domain number

• Host number

• Router location

How do packets know how to get to their destination?

• The router knows the path and sends it step-by-step to its final destination

• Each path has an embedded code that directs the packets to the correct location

• The destination location emits pulses that guide the data packets to its location.

• The destination IP address is included in each packet.

Why is the Internet considered to be fault-tolerant?

• It has dedicated lines between devices

• It has duplicate paths to all locations

• It is secured against all threats

• It is open to anyone with a connection

What is the World Wide Web?

• A collection of wires and cables to connect devices

• Another name for the Internet

• A way to search for and share documents and resources

• A browser

What can be determined by comparing the time it takes different systems to complete the same task?

• Efficiency

• Reliability

• Speedup

• Validity

Answer explanation

Effiiency is determined by comparing the time it takes different systems to complete the same task. More efficient systems may be more complex