8th Grade Math PSSA - VOCAB

Systems of Equations

Match the following:

• Finding the solution of by replacing a variable in one equation for what the variable equals

• Graphing

• any ordered pair that makes all equations in the system true

• Inspection

• Finding how many solutions there are just by looking at the equations in y=mx+b

• Solution of a system of linear equations

• Finding the solution of a system by where they intersect on a graph

• System of linear equations

• two or more linear equations that use the same variables

• Substitution

Bivariate Data

Match the following

• Data by numbers. Ex: age, months, time, distance

• Categorical data

• A data point that doesn't fit the pattern, far away from the others

• Cluster

• Straight line that best shows the pattern. Should have about the same # of points above and below

• Measurement data / Numerical data

• A group of data points that follow the same general pattern

• Trend line / Line of best fit

• Data in groups. Ex: colors, sports, music genres, favorite foods

• Outlier

Exponents

Match the following:

• opposite of an exponent of 2 (ex: 3 is the square root of 9 because 3x3=9)

• Perfect square

• the cube of an integer (8, 27, 64, 125)

• Square root

• the square of an integer (1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100)

• Perfect cube

• opposite of an exponent of 3 (ex: 2 is the cube root of 8 because 2x2x2=8)

• Cube root

Exponents

Match the following:

• multiply 2 powers with the same base, keep the common base and ADD the exponents

• Product rule

• When you have an exponent raised to a power, keep the base and MULTIPLY the exponents

• Irrational number

• a number that when written as a decimal it does not end or repeat (ex: 2.3587409873652974…)

• Power rule

• _ x 10^exponent 

  where the first number is between 1-10 (one digit before the decimal)

• Scientific Notation

Slope

Match the following

• the point on the graph where the line crosses the x-axis (what is x when y=0)

• Y-intercept

• y=mx+b

  m is slope

  b is y-intercept

• Slope intercept form

• the point on the graph where the line crosses the y-axis (what is y when x=0)

• X-intercept

• the change in y divided by the change in x (or rise over run)

• Slope of a line

Functions

Match the following:

• a function whose graph is not a straight line

• Function

• X values

• Initial Value

• relation in where each input has exactly one output, x values CAN'T repeat with different y values

• Nonlinear function

• the y-intercept of a graph, the output when the input is 0

• Output

• Y values

• Input

Pythagorean Theorem

Match the following:

• short sides of a right triangle that are touching the right angle

• Converse of the Pythagorean theorem

• Pythagorean Theorem

• in right triangles, the sum of the squares of the lengths of the legs = the square of the hypotenuse

• Hypotenuse

• if the pythagorean theorem works for a triangle, then it is a right triangle!

• Leg

• long diagonal side of a right triangle that is across from the right angle

• Pythagorean Theorem formula

Volume

Match the following:

• Half the distance across a circle

• Cone

• a perfectly round 3 dimensional figure (ex: basketball)

• Radius

• a 3 dimensional figure with one circular base and one vertex (ex: ice cream cone)

• Sphere

• combination of two or more figures in one object

• Cylinder

• a 3 dimensional figure with 2 identical circular bases (ex: can)

• Composite figure