Tumor Markers

The gold standard for detecting cancer/ most specific test for cancer

antigens/ markers that are normally found in fetus but usually decrease concentration after birth

• Oncofetal antigens

• Oncofetus antigens

• Oncofetal antibody

• Oncofetus antibody

* Localized primary tissues

* Enclosed in a epithelial tissue

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* invasion of primary tumor through epithelium and into the blood vessels

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* most of tumor/cancer cells travel through the lymphatic system

* migration of tumor into regional lymph nodes; will eventually travel through the lymphatic system

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* metastasis and invasion of tumor to distant tissues

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* Oncofetal antigen

* Often associated with Colorectal Cancer

* May serve as marker for pancreatic, lung, breast and ovarian cancer

• Carcinoembryonic Antigen

• Alpha fetoprotein

• Prostate specific antigen

• Cancer antigen 125

• Cancer antigen 15-3

* Oncofetal protein (peaks at 20-30 weeks of pregnancy)

* Hepatocellular Carcinoma

* May also be a marker for teratoblastoma, testicular and ovarian cancer

• Carcinoembryonic Antigen

• Alpha fetoprotein

• Prostate specific antigen

• Cancer antigen 125

• Cancer antigen 15-3

* marker for PROSTATIC CARCINOMA

* higher sensitivity in diagnosis

* better of tested together with PAP (prostatic acid phosphatase)

• Carcinoembryonic Antigen

• Alpha fetoprotein

• Prostate specific antigen

• Cancer antigen 125

• Cancer antigen 15-3

*AKA Carbohydrate antigens

* Adenocarcinoma of the Ovary or fallopian tube

* Not a definitive marker for cancer; only for monitoring

* Also present in lungs and GIT

• Carcinoembryonic Antigen

• Alpha fetoprotein

• Prostate specific antigen

• Cancer antigen 125

• Cancer antigen 15-3