Heat & Thermodynamics (Concepts)

Physical quantity that expresses the hotness or coldness of an object or a system. It is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up the object or system.

• Heat

• Temperature

• Pressure

• Volume

Is defined as the force exerted by the molecules of a matter on the walls of the container in which it is contained. It is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules and their number density.

• Volume

• Heat

• Temperature

• Pressure

Is defined as the total space occupied by the total amount of molecules. Is a measure of the physical size of the container in which the matter is contained.

• Volume

• Heat

• Temperature

• Pressure

Scale of temperature that was originally defined by setting 0 (zero) as the temperature at which water freezes and 100 as the temperature at which water boils at sea level atmospheric pressure.

• Réaumur

• Fahrenheit

• Celsius

• Kelvin

On this scale, a scientist used a mixture of ice, water, and ammonium chloride to define his zero value, then assigned a temperature of 96 to the human body temperature, which he measured using a thermometer placed under his arm.

• Kelvin

• Réaumur

• Fahrenheit

• Rankine

Defined his temperature scale (SI unit of temperature) based on the concept of thermodynamic temperature. He used the idea of an "absolute zero" temperature, which is the temperature at which all molecular motion stops.

• Kelvin

• Rankine

• Réaumur

• Celsius

Is the tendency of materials to change in volume, length, or shape in response to a change in temperature. When materials are heated, their particles begin to move more quickly and occupy a larger space, leading to an increase in volume or length.

• Sensible heat

• Latent heat

• Heat

• Thermal expansion

Is defined as the transfer of energy from a hotter object to a colder object, resulting in a temperature change.

• Latent heat

• Sensible heat

• Heat

• Thermal expansion

It refers to the amount of heat energy required to change the state of a substance without changing its temperature. During a phase change, the energy added or removed from the substance goes towards breaking or forming intermolecular bonds between the molecules rather than increasing or decreasing the kinetic energy of the substance.

• Latent heat

• Thermal expansion

• Heat

• Sensible heat

Is the heat transfer associated with a change in temperature of a substance without any phase change. In other words, it is the heat transferred when the temperature of a substance changes, but it remains in the same phase.

• Thermal expansion

• Sensible heat

• Heat

• Latent heat