Unit 8 Review

How did the growth of railroads affect Texas farmers?

• Profits rose as railroads gave farmers an inexpensive way to ship their crops to new markets.

• Profits rose as farmers’ organizations joined with railroad companies to control the price and delivery of crops.

• Profits fell as railroad companies forced farmers to give up prime farmland so they could build new tracks.

• Profits fell due to the high shipping rates railroad companies charged farmers to transport their crops.

How is tenant farming similar to sharecropping?

• Both receive a larger share of money than the landowner from the sale of crops.

• Both provide supplies.

• Both rent the land and provide labor.

• Both receive a smaller share of money than the landowner from the sale of crops.

Which of the following human factors influenced the settlement of Texas?

• Boll weevil infestations and droughts caused cotton prices to soar, making cotton farming a risky industry.

• Windmills supplied water for railways, small towns, and small farms in areas that were not near rivers or streams.

• Railroads provided cheap transportation to eastern states, leading to a decline in the population of Texas.

• Barbed wire fencing protected small ranchers from big farmers who tried to illegally use their water supplies.

Development of the Cattle Industry:

Open frontier led to the use of cattle trails.

Cattle ranching decreased during the Civil War.

The end of the Civil War and the emergence of railroads caused the cattle industry to boom.

The end of the open range led to the establishment of large cattle ranches.

Modern ranching uses technology like helicopters and electronic branding.

Which of the following could be best added to the beginning of the list above?

• Cattle were brought to America by Spaniards.

• Cattle ranching was more common in the East than it was in Texas.

• Cattle were once wild and hunted by American Indians on the Great Plains.

• Cattle played a significant role in the outcome of the Battle of San Jacinto.

Based on the information in the map, which trail was used first?

• Goodnight-Loving

• Western

• Chisholm

• Shawnee/Sedalia

Which conclusion is supported by the information on the map?

• Before the Civil War, increased settlement encouraged Texas ranchers to find new markets for their cattle.

• After the Civil War, several trails were added to support the growing cattle industry in Texas.

• After the Civil War, ranchers used the trails to bring cattle from other states to Texas.

• All cattle trails that started in Texas led to towns in the East.

Based on the graph, what was characteristic of population patterns in Texas in the years following the Civil War?

• The numbers of Texans began a trend of increasing.

• West Texas became more populated than East Texas.

• Texans migrated from rural towns to urban areas.

• Immigrants to Texas outnumbered native born Texans.

Who is being described by the list above?

• John Wallace

• Iron Jacket

• Peta Nocona

• Quanah Parker

Based on the map, in which region of Texas was most of the cotton industry located by the late nineteenth century?

• Panhandle/The Great Plains

• Central Texas/Coastal Plains

• Rio Grande Valley

• Mountains and Basins

From 1860-1900 which of the following most characterized societies in Texas?

• Independence from Mexico and democratic government

• Women and African Americans fighting for civil rights

• Cattle drives and wars with American Indian tribes

• Drilling for oil and developing an export economy