Q3 CFA Review

The graph below shows the rate of reaction vs. temperature and the rate of reaction vs. pH for an enzyme.

Which statement provides the correct interpretation of the graphs above?

• The enzyme works at a high level no matter how the temperature or pH changes.

• The enzyme works best at a certain temperature and is not affected by changes in pH.

• The enzyme works best at a certain pH and is not affected by changes in temperature.

• The enzyme works at a high level within specific ranges of temperature and pH.

Jason claims that viruses are alive.  His supporting evidence is that viruses use the universal genetic code, are able to reproduce, and can evolve. Which statement would be most useful in an argument against Jason’s claim?

• Viruses are too small to be classified as living things

• Viruses evolve only after many generations

• Viruses satisfy only some characteristics of life, not all of them

• Viruses reproduce only under the proper conditions

The model below shows the differentiation of a stem cell into different types of cells.

Why do stem cells differentiate?

• To create more cells

• To reduce the number of stem cells

• To produce identical daughter cells

• To create division of labor in cells

The events that occur during protein synthesis are listed in random order.

What is the correct sequence of events that occur during protein synthesis?

• 3, 1, 4, 2, 5

• 3, 1, 4, 5, 2

• 4, 1, 3, 5, 2

• 4, 3, 1, 2, 5

A cell uses active transport to move sodium ions out of the cell. Why does the cell use active transport instead of diffusion to move sodium ions out of the cell?

• There is a lower concentration of sodium ions inside the cell than outside the cell.

• The cell uses less energy when performing active transport.

• Diffusion can only transport water across the cell membrane.

• Diffusion requires proteins along the cell membrane to transport ions outside of the cell.

Ariel has been studying the diagrams shown below. She concludes that Cell A and Cell B are both eukaryotic cells and Cell C is a prokaryotic cell.

Which observation does not support her conclusion based on the diagrams?

• Cell A and Cell B have a nucleus, while Cell C does not.

• Cell A and Cell B are both more complex than Cell C.

• Cell A and Cell B both have a plasma membrane, so does Cell C.

• Cell A and Cell B are both about 100 times larger than Cell C.

Morgan is participating in a debate about whether viruses should be classified as living or nonliving. She states that viruses do not obtain or use energy and that viruses do not respond to stimuli in their environment. Which conclusion do Morgan’s statements most strongly support?

• Viruses should be classified as nonliving, because they do not meet some of the criteria of life.

• Viruses should be classified as nonliving, even though they meet all of the criteria of life.

• Viruses should be classified as nonliving, because they rely completely on the cells of other organisms.

• Viruses should be classified as living, because they satisfy at least one criteria of life.

A student grows two sets of plants in the same environment conditions, only varying the amount of sunlight. The student harvests leaves from both sets daily for two weeks and records the total sugar content in the graph below.

Which growing conditions and explanations match the data in the graph above?

• Plant Set 1 was grown with less sunlight and was not actively growing.

• Plant Set 2 was grown with more sunlight and produced more carbon dioxide.

• Plant Set 1 was grown with more sunlight and produced less oxygen.

• Plant Set 2 was grown will less sunlight and required more water.

Shaded individuals in this pedigree express a particular trait.

Based on this pedigree, what is the mode of inheritance of the trait?

• Sex-linked dominant

• Sex-linked recessive

• Autosomal dominant

• Autosomal recessive

In a frequently changing environment, organisms that can reproduce sexually are often adapted to survival than organisms that reproduce entirely asexually.  What is the primary reason the ability to reproduce sexually is advantageous to survival?

• Sexually reproducing organisms typically produce more offspring.

• Sexually reproducing organisms have a lower rate of genetic mutations.

• Sexually reproducing organisms produce offspring genetically identical to the parent.

• Sexually reproducing organisms produce offspring with increased genetic variety.