Evolution

Which of the following are the result of artificial selection

• dog breeds

• sharp canine teeth of wolves

• the wide variety of apples at the store

• bird's mating calls

Places on a phylogenetic tree where organisms share a common ancestor are called...

• Nodes

• Branches

• Taxa

• Species

The field of biology that classifies organisms is called...

• Taxonomy

• Phylogeny

• Paleontology

• Embryology

What is a fossil

• a rock or mineral

• a living organism

• a DNA specimen

• the preserved remains of a once living organism

Cladogram

• the branch of biology that studies the relationship between organisms in order to classify them into related groups based on shared characteristics

• a specific type of phylogenetic tree in which all evolutionary relationships are linked back to a common ancestor shared by all species in the tree

• a real or theoretical species from which two or more recent species evolved

• None of these are correct

Two organisms that are closely related would have

• very similar DNA sequences

• identical DNA sequences

• very few DNA sequences

• completely different DNA sequence

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossils A and C are the same age

• Fossil B is older than fossil C

• Fossils A is older than fossil B

• Fossil D is older than fossil C

The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth
• Light moth
• Both will be equally successful
• Neither will be successful

Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures. These are known as

• vestigial structures

• unknown structures

• homologous structures

• fossilized structures

At which stage of scientific thinking are scientists most likely to consider the data and conclusions of other scientists to propose new experiments?

• observing

• testing hypotheses

• analyzing data

• forming hypotheses