Astronomy Unit 1 Test Review

What is archaeoastronomy?

• The study of the planets

• The study of ancient astrological sites.

What were the general uses of astronomy in the ancient world?

• Tell time of day and year, navigation, calendar

• Track the motion and brightness of the stars and planets

Newgrange Tomb and significance

• Oldest astrological site 3200 BC. In Ireland. Built so the passage and the tomb chamber is only lit during the winter solstice.

• Most visited archeology site. In Scottsdale. Built so the passage and the tomb chamber is only lit during the winter solstice.

Ptolemy

• Created the geocentric model by incorporating an explanation of retrograde motion using deferents (large circles) and epicycles (small circles).

• 1st to use the telescope and look at the sky. 4 moons of Jupiter. Venus has phases like the moon. Moon has mountains. Sun has sun spots. He was accused of heresy (different religion opinion) and sentenced to forever house arrest but was pardoned.

Galileo

• 1st to use the telescope and look at the sky. 4 moons of Jupiter. Venus has phases like the moon. Moon has mountains. Sun has sun spots. He was accused of heresy (different religion opinion) and sentenced to forever house arrest but was pardoned.

• Law of motion. A body will remain at rest, and a body will remain in motion unless it is acted on by an external force. F=mass x acceleration

  For every action, there is an equal & opposite reaction.

Newton

• Made detailed observations regarding planetary motion. Mentor of Johannes Kepler. Lost his nose in a dual.

• Law of motion. A body will remain at rest, and a body will remain in motion unless it is acted on by an external force. F=mass x acceleration

  For every action, there is an equal & opposite reaction.

Brahe

• Heliocentric model. Wrote the book On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres. Copernican revolution & scientific revolution. Catholic church.

• Made detailed observations regarding planetary motion. Mentor of Johannes Kepler. Lost his nose in a dual.

Copernicus

• Heliocentric model. Wrote the book On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres. Copernican revolution & scientific revolution. Catholic church.

• First man to walk on the moon and discover Mars.

Aristarchus

• lone voice of reason. Loudest voice in Ancient Greece that disagreed with the geocentric model. Claimed that the sun was the fixed object in our solar system and that the earth revolved around the sun.

• Wrote the laws of planetary motion. All planets orbit the sun in ellipses (circles). Equal areas are swept out in equal intervals of time. As a planet gets closer to the sun, it speeds up. Farther away, slows down. Can calculate time it takes an object to complete an orbit.

Kepler

• Wrote the laws of Scientific notation. Calculated the time it takes the sun to move around the earth.

• Wrote the laws of planetary motion. All planets orbit the sun in ellipses (circles). Equal areas are swept out in equal intervals of time. As a planet gets closer to the sun, it speeds up. Farther away, slows down. Can calculate time it takes an object to complete an orbit.