Energy for Muscles Test Review

All energy in the human body is derived from the breakdown of:

• carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

• carbohydrates and fats

• carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins

• fats and proteins

• vitamins and minerals

Energy is liberated for muscular work when the chemical bond between ATP and its phosphate subgroup is broken through:

• hydrolysis

• phosphorylation

• the Cori cycle

• the Krebs cycle

• glycolysis

ATP is broken down into:

• ADP and a free phosphate

• ADP and pyruvate

• ADP and phosphocreatine

• ADP and creatine phosphate

• ADP and pyruvic acid

Which of the following statements regarding ATP is true:

• The ATP for muscular contraction is needed for the formation of cross bridges.

• The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and P requires energy.

• ATP cannot be regenerated in the human body.

• ATP muscle stores are high enough to maintain muscular activity for long durations.

• The process of ATP regeneration is extremely slow.

The energy systems in the human body are:

• immediate, glycolytic, and long-term

• immediate, phosphagen, and oxidative

• phosphagen, long-term, and oxidative

• short-term, glycolytic, and oxidative

• phosphagen, short-term, and glycolytic

The phosphagen system:

• is limited by the small muscle stores of high energy phosphate groups

• uses high energy phosphate groups including creatine and ADP

• is required for low-intensity muscle activity that is done over a short time interval

• produces energy at a very slow rate

• none of these

The advantages of the phosphagen system include:

• It produces energy at a slow rate but for a long duration.

• Its rate of recovery is relatively rapid.

• It can produce large amounts of energy in a short amount of time.

The limiting factors of the phosphagen system include:

• initial concentrations of high energy phosphates

• high lactic acid concentrations in the muscle

• intramuscular ADP stores

• supply of creatine in the blood

• low intramuscular oxygen availability

A fuel source for activities that require an immediate high rate of energy production is:

• creatine phosphate

• fats

• glucose

• lactate

• glycogen

Which of the following statements regarding the short-term energy system is false:

• A specific enzyme is involved in the breakdown of glycogen or glucose in the presence of oxygen.

• It provides ATP for muscular work at a rapid rate.

• It involves a stepwise breakdown of glycogen and/or blood glucose into pyruvic acid and ATP.

• Lactic acid is produced when the rate of work is high.

• Energy production is limited by lactic acid accumulation