ANAT101 Week One

Which of the options is NOT a feature of the anatomical position?

• Palms facing forward

• Arms by sides

• Toes pointing forward

• Palms facing backward

Answer explanation

The anatomical position is described as:

- Standing

- Head erect

- Eyes looking forward

- Feet together

- Toes pointing forward

- Arms by sides

- Palms forward

What plane is represented in the following image?

• Coronal/frontal

• Sagittal

• Transverse/horizontal

What plane is represented in the following image?

• Coronal/frontal

• Sagittal

• Transverse/horizontal

Which of the following terms matches the description: Closer to the bottom

• Lateral

• Superior

• Distal

• Inferior

In the anatomical position the knee is ​ (a)   to the ankle

• proximal
• distal
• anterior
• posterior
• inferior
• lateral
• medial

In the anatomical position the nose is ​ (a)   to the ears

• medial
• distal
• anterior
• posterior
• inferior
• lateral

In anatomy, when we refer to the 'leg' we are referring to the region between the knee and ankle

• True

• False

Osteoclasts are responsible for bone growth, whereas osteoblasts breakdown bone

• True

• False

Short answer: Describe the functions of bones

Answer explanation

Ensure that your explanation of the functions of bone includes these key points:

- Protection from external force

- Levers for mechanical work

- Withstand and recover from tensile and compressive forces

- Produce blood cells (haematopoiesis)

- Mineral storage

Remember that bones don't produce movement, it's the action of muscles and tendons pulling on bone that produces movement

The organic components of bone are more rigid and the inorganic components are more flexible

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Bone is almost equally resistant to torsional (bending) and compressive forces

Organic components provide flexibility while inorganic components provide rigidity

 

The arrangement of the bone tissue reflects function ie. where torsional stress is high bone tissue is arranged in tightly packed units called osteons

Where compressive force is high bone tissue is arranged in criss-cross patterns called trabeculae