STAAR - U.S. HIST - 2022 RELEASE B

What was one effect of the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade (GATT) on the United States?

• decreased employment opportunities for minorities and women

• increased availability of foreign laborers in the United States

• increased access to foreign markets for U.S. businesses

• decreased funding for the establishment of national parls

"The First Vote"

Which event led to the action shown in this illustration?

• the revival of nativist policies

• the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment

• the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson

• the rise of Social Darwinism

---Under the act, approximately 2,300,000 attend colleges and universities. 3,500,000 received school training, and 3,400,000 received on-the-job training. The number of degrees awarded by U.S. colleges and universities more than doubled between 1940 and 1950.---

--The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration,

www.ourdocuments.gov

(accessed September 21, 2017

Which government action directly contributed to these changes?

• passage of the Federal Reserve Act

• passage of the National Security Act of 1947

• passage of the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944

• passage of the Central Intelligence Agency Act

---Navstar GPS is a satellite-based radio navigation system developed and operated by the US Department of Defense (DOD). . . . It consists of a constellation of orbiting satellites, a ground control system and thousands of GPS information receiver units in aircraft, ships, [and] land vehicles. . . .---

--"U.S. Military GPS," www.army-technology.com

(accessed May 7, 2018)

Which military need contributed to development of the technology described in this excerpt?

• faster, more accurate responses during combat

• stronger, more dependable weapons for soldiers

• lighter, more fuel-efficient cargo planes

• larger, more powerful nuclear submarines

This poster was designed by Emory Douglas, the Black Panther Party's Minister of Culture in the 1960s and 1970s.

Based on this image, how did the Black Panther Party differ from Martin Luther King Jr. and followers?

• the Black Panther Party focused attention only on issues in southern states

• the Black Panther Party believed in achieving equal voting rights for all

• the Black Panther Party advocated militant action to achieve its goal

• the Black Panther Party worked willingly with government officials

---One man fits the parts together, so that the bolt holes come right. The next man fits the bolt holes into place. The next has a pan of nuts before him and all day he scoops them up and with his fingers starts them on the threads of the bolts. The next man has a wrench and he gives the final twist that makes them tight.---

--John A. Fitch, 1914

Which results did Ford hope to achieve by implementing the process described in this excerpt?

• increased productivity and efficiency

• reduced numbers of employees quitting

• increased labor union membership

• reduced payroll taxes and employee benefits

---[Gene Autry] got a bit part in [In Old Santa Fe], a Western in 1934, and unbelievably the ideas that came from this Western . . . pretty much started the template of the musical Western. Audiences just loved them--they had the music, they had the comedy and, of course, the action and those great fancy cowboy outfits, too.---

--"Gene Autry, America's 'Public Cowboy No. 1'"

National Public Radio, www.npr.org

(accessed November 20, 2018)

What was one effect of this new style of "musical Western" on the United States in the 1930s?

• country music became more popular than rock and roll music

• country music prompted people to move to farms on the Great Plains

• country music transitioned from a regional genre to a national sensation

• country music encouraged Exodusters to migrate from southern states

This excerpt describes some court cases about education

---While Brown v. Board v. Education is a widely known landmark Supreme Court case, few can trace its origins to the case of nine-year old Sylvia Mendez in Mendez v. Westminster.

Sylvia's case, which was decided in the federal courts in California, preceded Brown by about eight years. Thurgood Marshall represented Sylvia Mendez and Linda Brown. Marshall used some of the same arguments from Mendez to win Brown v. Board of Education.---

--"Background -- Mendez v. Westminster Re-Enactment,"

U.S. Courts, www.uscourts.gov

(accessed November 28, 2018)

Why are the court cases described in this excerpt important to education in the United States?

• the cases reduced racial segregation in schools

• the cases established the use of quotas in school admissions

• the cases ordered to provide accommodations for students with disabilities

• the cases reduced inequities in school district financing

---The whole of our government machinery was devised for the purpose that . . . we give incentive and equality of opportunity to every individual to rise to the highest achievement of which is capable. . . . The spread of government destroys initiative and this destroys character. . . . There is an entirely different avenue by which we may both resist this drift to centralized government and at the same time meet a multitude of problems. That is to strengthen in the Nation a sense and an organization of self-help . . . .---

--President Herbert Hoover, radio address, February 12, 1931

How did this response to the Great Depression differ from the ideas of Franklin D. Roosevelt?

• Hoover wanted to implement social welfare programs to provide for the poor

• Roosevelt wanted private charities to take responsibility for relief efforts

• Hoover wanted to limit the role of the federal government in managing the crisis

• Roosevelt wanted state governments to regulate private business activity

How did the National organization for Women (NOW) affect the feminist movement during the 1970s?

• by opposing the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision legalizing abortion

• by opposing laws granting tax credits for stay-at-home mothers

• by supporting scholarship programs available through beauty pageants

• by supporting the proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution