IGPE Chp. 3 Circulatory System

Describe the function of the circulatory system

• The process of taking oxygen from the mouth/nasal passage, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli

• Transporting blood around the body (to the working tissues)/transporting oxygen and nutrients and removing waste products

State the two components of the blood and describe the function of one of these components

• WBCs (part of the immune system/defends the body against pathogens), Platelets (helps blood to clot when blood vessels become damaged)

• Artery (Carries oxygenated blood to the body), Vein (Carries deoxygenated blood to the heart and lungs for gas exchange)

Name the chemical found in red blood cells that is responsible for transporting oxygen.

• Nutrients

• Haemoglobin

• Protein

• Haemogoblin

What is the main function of the capillaries?

• Gaseous exchange

• Water exchange

• Plasma exchange

State the pathway that oxygenated blood takes from the lungs to the working muscles

• Enters right atrium via vena cava, enters right ventricle via triscupid valve, exits pulmonary artery into the lungs for gaseous exchange.

• Enters left atrium via pulmonary vein, enters left ventricle via bicuspid (atrio-ventricular valve), exits left ventricle via aortic (semi-lunar) valve, aorta carries blood away from the heart to the body

Define the term cardiac output

• The volume of blood ejected from the heart in one/single pump

• The volume of blood expelled from the heart per minute

Write the equation for calculating cardiac output

• Q = SV x HR

• MV = TV x BPM

• MHR = 220 - age

What is the link between cardiovascular fitness and cardiac output?

• The greater the cardiac output, the more blood and oxygen can be transported to the working muscles, improving cardiovascular fitness.

• The greater the cardiac output, the less blood and oxygen can be transported to the working muscles, improving cardiovascular fitness.

Calculate cardiac output (in litres per minute or L/min) for an individual with a heart rate of 70bpm and a stroke volume of 100ml)

• Q = 6L/min

• Q = 9L/min

• Q = 7L/min

• Q = 8L/min

Calculate the maximum heart rate of a 45 year old

• 176bpm

• 173bpm

• 174bpm

• 175bpm