Chemistry Final Review (21-22)

The nucleus of the atom contains

• protons and neutrons

• protons and electrons

• alpha particles

• only protons

He was the first to suggest that atoms were

indivisible, indestructible, fundamental units of matter.

• Rutherford

• Thomson

• Bohr

• Democritus

J. J. Thomson's experiments using cathode ray tubes led to the discovery of the

• electron

• neutron

• positron

• proton

J. J. Thomson’s model of the atom was a ball of positive charge with negatively charged ______________ embedded inside.

• electrons

• protons

• neutrons

Rutherford concluded that atoms consist of a very small, dense region of positive (+) charge, called the

• Electron Shells

• Orbitals

• Electron Cloud

• Nucleus

In the Gold Foil Experiment, Rutherford directed a stream of positively charged particles, called ________________ at a very thin sheet of gold foil.

• alpha particles

• electrons

• gluons

• quarks

In the Gold Foil Experiment, Rutherford observed that

• ALL the alpha particles passed straight through

• MOST alpha particles passed straight through, but SOME were deflected or bounced back

• ALL alpha particles were deflected and bounced back

When most of the alpha particles passed directly through the gold atoms, Rutherford concluded that the atom is mostly

• empty space

• positively charged

• dark matter

• rigid

Rutherford observed that a few of the alpha particles were deflected. What does this evidence suggest about the structure of the atom?

• The atom contains a positively charged nucleus.

• The atom is a ball of positive charge with electrons embedded inside.

• The atom is small.

• The atom negatively charged.

The modern model of the atom is based on the work of

• one scientist over a short period of time

• one scientist over a long period of time

• many scientists over a short period of time

• many scientists over a long period of time