Biology EOC practice

Marine scientists monitor atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide. As atmospheric levels rise, more of the gas dissolves in the oceans. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) dissolves as more carbon dioxide enters the oceans. Marine organisms such as clams need CaCO3 to build their exoskeletons.

Based on this information, which change is most likely to be a direct result of these increasing levels of oceanic carbon dioxide?

• Frequent rainfall will dilute the effect of the carbon dioxide in the water

• There will be an overpopulation of oysters and other shelled marine species.

• The water level will rise and cause floods, damaging coastal ecosystems with contaminated water.

• Many species of marine organisms will be weakened, making them unable to produce and maintain their shells

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

Scientists can measure the DNA content of cells by using a dye that binds to DNA. After treating a sample of cells with the dye, the dye will appear more intense in cells where the quantity of DNA is higher.

During which stage or stages of the cell cycle would scientists observe the highest measurements of dye intensity?

• only G1

• only during mitosis and cytokinesis

• the entire time that the cell is in interphase

• from late S through G2 and mitosis

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NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The yew tree is a rare and slow-growing tree. Paclitaxel is an anticancer compound obtained from the bark of the yew tree. The extraction of the compound is expensive and damages the yew tree. Scientists have isolated and grown stem cells from a yew tree that could be used to produce paclitaxel.

Which statement describes an advantage of using stem cells from a yew tree to produce paclitaxel?

• Stem cells can be grown and reproduced in a laboratory

• Stem cells can differentiate into cells of a different species.

• Stem cells from plants are more useful in producing animal protein.

• Stem cells from plants are less likely to cause unfavorable mutations than stem cells from animals.

In a controlled experiment, a limited quantity of glucose was provided for cellular respiration. Researchers measured the quantity of reactants and products at the beginning of the experiment and again after 10 minutes.

How will the quantities of glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide most likely change after 10 minutes have passed?

• glucose will increase

  oxygen will increase

  carbon dioxide will decrease

• glucose will decrease

  oxygen will decrease

  carbon dioxide will increase

• glucose will decrease

  oxygen will increase

  carbon dioxide will increase

• glucose will increase

  oxygen will decrease

  carbon dioxide will decrease

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-3

The homeostasis of an ecosystem is disrupted when decomposers are unable to perform which activity?

• absorb sunlight in order to produce proteins

• break down organic matter to release nutrients

• recycle dissolved oxygen to reduce temperatures

• transform nitrogen from the air into a usable form

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NGSS.HS-LS2-3

As birds prepare for their migration, they go through many changes. Which equation shows the cellular process that occurs more as a bird prepares to fly thousands of kilometers?

• 6 H2O + 6 CO2 → C6H12O6 +6O2

• C6H12O6 +6O2 → 6 H2O + 6 CO2

• 6 H2O+2O2 + 6 CO → C6 H12O6+ 10 CO2

• C6H12O6 + 10 CO2 → 6 H2O+2O2+ 16 CO

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Migrating tundra swans are seen in large groups, at times covering an entire field. If an ecosystem is 10,000 acres and each adult tundra swan needs 1/10 of an acre, how many adult tundra swans can the ecosystem support?

• 1,000

• 10,000

• 100,000

• 1,000,000

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-1

NGSS.HS-LS2-2

A student notices that many migrating birds that are flying south for the winter stop to rest and eat in South Carolina. The feeding of these migrant birds causes a temporary disturbance in the local ecosystem. The student hypothesizes that when the birds leave, stability will return to the ecosystem. Which statement best supports the student’s hypothesis?

• The amount of space per organism is reduced so it stabilizes the environment.

• As the birds leave for the winter there are fewer food sources available for other organisms.

• The food sources are limited so the birds’ departure reduces the stress on the food sources.

• When there are fewer organisms in the ecosystem, more water is available in the system to replenish the lakes and rivers.

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NGSS.HS-LS2-6

Which statement can best be concluded from these data?

• The respiration rate in both species is independent of both temperature and oxygen consumption.

• The respiration rate of midge larvae increases more rapidly than the rate for seabird ticks at all temperatures.

• As the temperature increases, there is an inverse relationship between oxygen consumption and the respiration rate in both species.

• As the temperature increases, the respiration rate in both species increases, with the rate for midge larvae being higher than that for seabird ticks at all temperatures.