Energy Flow in Ecosystems

Matter and energy are transferred through food webs, beginning with solar energy used for photosynthesis. A catastrophic event eliminates all plant life associated with this food web. Hypothesize as to the result of eliminating all the plants in this situation.

• Only the fungi would survive.

• Birds and nematodes would thrive.

• The food web would completely collapse.

• The food web would produce more bacteria to compensate.

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We eat food for energy. The energy for any food chain begins with the sun and sunlight. Name an organism that is a producer that converts sunlight into chemical energy or sugar.

• fox

• grass

• mushroom

• rabbit

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Based on the pyramid, which organism(s) provide the MOST available energy?

• predator fish

• birds and mammals

• insects

• phytoplankton

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What will MOST LIKELY happen if a new producer is introduced into a food web?

• The omnivores will decrease.

• The herbivores will increase.

• The carnivores will decrease.

• The decomposers will decrease.

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In this energy pyramid, the grasshopper would be classified as a:

• producer

• decomposer

• secondary consumer

• primary consumer

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You can see a typical food web here. Imagine that this food web exists in the woody area next to a farm. The farmer sprays his crops with insecticides and the majority of the insects are killed. Predict the results of the farmer's action on this food web.

• The flowering plants will grow uncontrolled.

• Only the tertiary consumer, the owl, will experience a decrease in populations.

• The plants will increase but the bird and rodent populations will get smaller without the insects as food.

• The owl population will grow very large but the other animal populations will decrease due to lack of food.

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Beginning with the producer, which represents the correct order in a typical food chain?

• grass-rabbit-fox-mountain lion

• mountain lion-fox-rabbit-grass

• grass-fox-rabbit-mountain lion

• rabbit-fox-mountain lion-grass

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In the energy pyramid, organism A represents a

• carnivore

• omnivore

• herbivore

• autotroph

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In all food webs, what is the ultimate source of energy?

• consumers

• decomposers

• producers

• the sun

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Which organisms have the most energy available to them?

• birds and other omnivores

• plants and other producers

• fungi and other decomposers

• animals and other carnivores

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