PHSL101 Renal Physiology

In homeostasis, the kidney regulates the _______

• levels of electrolytes (e.g. Na⁺)

• volume of water in the body

• pH

• all of the above

The bundle of capillaries in the nephron where filtration of blood starts is the:

• glomerulus

• glomerular capsule

• distal tubule

• proximal tubule

What would you find inside the Glomerulus?

• Air

• Urine

• Blood

• Lymph

Which of these products are NEVER filtered out of the blood?

• Blood cells

• Water

• Ions

• Nutrients

Within the nephron, the renal corpuscle contains which of the following? Select all that apply

• Renal Tubule

• Glomerulus

• Renal capsule

• Renal medulla

The proximal tubule is

• impermeable to water.

• permeable to water if ADH is present.

• permeable to sodium if aldosterone is present.

• the site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption.

In a normal human, which substance should be 100% reabsorbed, meaning that it should not be present in the urine?

• glucose
• sodium

• water
• H⁺

Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

• Produces, stores and eliminates urine from the body.

• Controls blood pressure and fluid volume in the body.

• Regulate the balance of electrolytes.

• Control the levels of fats in the blood.

Approximately _____ L of filtrate enters the nephrons each day; of that volume _____% is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule.

• 180 L and 90%

• 240 L and 85%

• 80 L and 35%

• 180 L and 99%

This term means the entry of substances into the body from the filtrate.

• Reabsorption

• Secretion

• Excretion

• Filtration