IELTS Reading _True, False, Not Given

"Most people would say they know what stress is. But for scientists who study stress, it has been surprisingly hard to define. This is because there are so many ways of looking at stress."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Knowing our feelings about stress can explain what causes the stress.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"Other scientists have looked at stressors: events or situations that produce stress. A deadline, a poor test performance, or bothersome noises all may be thought of as stressors."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Bothersome noises are more likely to cause stress than a poor test performance.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"Stress, then, can be caused by both negative and positive events, or stressors. Of course, whether an event is thought of as positive or negative is, in some ways, a matter of personal choice."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Negative events cause more stress than positive ones do.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"Of course, whether an event is thought of as positive or negative is, in some ways, a matter of personal choice."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Sometimes whether an event is negative or not is based on a personal decision.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"In sum, it is the way people interpret an event that makes it stressful or not stressful. This process of interpretation is called appraisal. Depending on how people appraise, or judge, circumstances, they may or may not consider them stressful."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Whether an event is considered stressful may be determined by the way people interpret it.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"Looking at stress this way gives us a general definition of the concept of stress: Stress is a response to circumstances that seem threatening or challenging."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

Sometimes those circumstances that are not threatening to us are also stressful.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN

"The circumstances that cause stress vary from one person to another. It all depends on how we appraise circumstances. In addition, the things that cause us stress today may not cause us stress at another time. And the opposite is true: things that once caused no stress may now be stressful."

Is this statement TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN?

An event or situation may not always be a stressor.

• TRUE

• FALSE

• NOT GIVEN