Nucleic Acids & Information Flow Quiz

What are the two main functions of DNA?

• (Storing genetic information & copying itself)

• Transmitting electrical signals in neurons
• Facilitating cell division and growth
• Storing energy for cellular processes

What is transformation in bacteria?

• Transformation is the uptake and incorporation of foreign DNA by bacteria.

• When extracellular DNA is taken up and incorporated into a cell’s DNA

• Transformation refers to the ability of bacteria to produce toxins.
• Transformation is the process of cell division in bacteria.

Which enzyme destroys DNA in Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty’s experiment?

• RNase
• DNase
• Protease
• Lipase

What is the difference between a nucleoside and a nucleotide?

• A nucleoside contains one or more phosphate groups, while a nucleotide lacks them.
• Nucleoside = sugar + base; Nucleotide = sugar + base + phosphate(s)

• Nucleotides are only found in RNA, while nucleosides are found in DNA.
• A nucleoside is a type of protein, while a nucleotide is a type of carbohydrate.

How many phosphates does ATP contain?

• 2
• 4
• 5
• 3

In which direction does DNA grow during replication?

• 5' to 3' direction
• 3' to 3' direction
• 5' to 5' direction
• 3' to 5' direction

What is the complementary DNA strand of 5’-TTCAG-3’?

• 3'-AAGTC-5'
• 3'-GACTA-5'
• 5'-AAGTC-3'
• 3'-TTCAG-5'

How many hydrogen bonds stabilize a G–C pair? An A–T pair?

• G–C: 1 hydrogen bond; A–T: 4 hydrogen bonds

• G–C: 2 hydrogen bonds; A–T: 3 hydrogen bonds
• G–C: 4 hydrogen bonds; A–T: 1 hydrogen bond
• G–C: 3 hydrogen bonds; A–T: 2 hydrogen bonds

If 16% of nucleotides in a bacterial genome are adenine, what % are cytosine?

• 25%
• 34%
• 50%
• 16%

What enzyme unzips the DNA during replication?

• polymerase
• ligase
• helicase
• nuclease