Water Systems & Climate

What is the difference between weather and climate?

• Weather describes the environmental conditions in a region over many years, whereas climate describes the environmental conditions day to day.

• Weather describes the environmental conditions in a region day to day, whereas climate describes the environmental conditions over many years.

• Weather describes hot environments, whereas climate describes cold environments.

• Weather describes cold environments, whereas climate describes hot environments.

True or False? On a given day, in a specific location, the weather can be different from the climate.

• True

• False

In a specific location,

• The sun heats the surface during both the day and the night.

• The surface cools during both the day and the night.

• The surface cools during the day and is heated by the sun during the night.

• The surface is heated by the sun during the day and cools off during the night.

Heat capacity is a measure of how much thermal energy a substance can ____.

True or False? Soil has a higher heat capacity than water.

• True

• False

True or False? Water can store energy for a long time.

• True

• False

True or False? Deeper, cooler water moves to the surface, allowing it to absorb more energy from the sun.

• True

• False

Convection currents are caused by

• lighter, warmer air sinking and pushing cooler, heavier air upward.

• cooler, heavier air sinking and pushing lighter, warmer air upward.

• an oven.

• the ocean.

True or False? Inland cities are cooler during the summer and warmer during the winter.

• True

• False

A heat sink is a substance that absorbs thermal energy, but does not change state and does not significantly increase in _____.