Ecology Review

The model shows an area near a lake. Community leaders are planning new laws to help protect the lake from pollution. One proposed law will make it illegal to dump trash on the shore of the lake, but the aw still allows trash to be placed in the area labeled "Flow-through wetland". Which statement about the proposed law is supported by the model?

• The proposed law will protect the lake because plant roots between the wetland and the lake will stop pollution.

• The proposed law will not protect the lake because groundwater will carry pollution from the wetland directly into the lake.

• The proposed law will not protect the lake because animals that live in or near the lake will add pollution to the lake.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

How do the industrial, agricultural, and residential activities of humans most likely affect the groundwater in the area?

• The activities prevent most of the water from evaporating into the atmosphere.

• Pollutants from the activities percolate through the soil and enter the water table.

• The activities replace the groundwater used.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

The movement of colored water through the gravel best models --

• condensation of water vapor

• surface runoff of precipitation

• conservation of water

• pollution of groundwater

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Giant salvinia is an aquatic plant that floats on water and reproduces rapidly. When they die, decomposition by bacteria affects oxygen levels in the water. As more plants die, less oxygen is available in the water. Which statement is the best prediction the students can make about the immediate future of the pond?

• The depth of the water in the pond will increase.

• Fish populations in the pond will begin to decrease.

• The number of different types of plants around the pond will increase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The strangler fig is a vine that starts out as a seed in the tree canopy of the rainforest. It drops its roots down from the canopy to the forest floor. By sprouting in the rainforest canopy, the strangler fig seedling is exposed to more --

• sunlight

• soil

• nutrients

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

Black walnut trees produce a nontoxic chemical that becomes highly toxic when it is exposed to air or soil. How does this chemical help black walnut trees compete with plants growing nearby?

• by attracting herbivores to other plants

• by suppressing the growth of the other plants

• by limiting the amount of water available to other plants

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

A scientist named Joseph Connell studies two species of barnacles on the shore of a Scottish island. He found that the population of Species A was smaller than that of Species B. He removed Species B from one area but left both both Species A and B in a similar area. The graph shows the results of this study. Based on the data, which hypothesis was Connell most likely testing?

• Barnacles grow larger when they are isolated from other species.

• The two species of barnacles compete with each other for resources.

• The two species of barnacles are closely related to each other.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Lions and cheetahs prey on wildebeests that graze in the grasslands of the African savanna. What likely effect would increased rainfall over sever rainy seasons have on the populations of wildebeests, lions, and cheetahs?

• All three populations would increase.

• The wildebeest population would decrease and the lion and cheetah population would increase.

• All three populations would decrease.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Before the Industrial Revolution in England, the peppered moth was commonly found on tree trunks that had light-colored lichen on the bark. Most of the peppered moths were a light gray-brown color similar to that of the lichen. A few of the moths had a mutation that made them a dark gray-brown color. During the Industrial Revolution, coal-burning factories produced black soot that covered the trees and killed the lichen in and near the cities. In these areas the number of dark peppered moths increased, while the number of light peppered moths decreased. What contributed to this change?

• The soot-covered trees camouflaged the dark moths.

• Bird populations increased in the areas near the factores.

• The dark moths laid fewer eggs than the light moths

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Which of the following is most likely to cause a change in the genetic traits in an isolated population of a ground-dwelling lizard species?

• An unusually dry summer in the lizard population's ecosystem

• The introduction of an invasive predator that preys on the brightest-colored individuals in the lizard population.

• A fast-moving wildfire that burns the canopy of the trees in the lizard population's ecosystem

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4