Quiz about DNA,RNA, Protein

Question 1

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

double helix

Answer

contains ribose

Answer

made of amino acids

Answer

contains Uracil

Question 2

Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?

Accepted Answer

nucleotides

Answer

amino acids

Answer

fatty acids

Answer

polysaccharides

Question 3

Guanine bonds with ______________.

Accepted Answer

Cytosine

Answer

Adenine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Thymine

Question 4

In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of

Accepted Answer

thymine

Answer

cytosine

Answer

guanine

Answer

uracil

Question 5

Why is DNA important?

Accepted Answer

it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

Answer

it is very small and very complicated

Answer

it's in everything

Answer

because we eat it every day for energy

Question 6

What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases

Answer

the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases

Answer

the color of the nitrogen bases

Answer

the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases

Question 7

Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Accepted Answer

deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

Answer

deoxyribose sugar and adenine

Answer

deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond

Answer

deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus

Question 8

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

Accepted Answer

Replication

Answer

Translation

Answer

Transcription

Question 9

Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?

Accepted Answer

hydrogen bonds

Answer

polar bonds

Answer

ionic bonds

Answer

covalent bonds

Question 10

A portion of mRNA is coded CUG. The corresponding DNA is coded

Accepted Answer

GAC

Answer

GTC

Answer

CTG

Answer

CAG

Question 11

A portion of DNA reads GAG. The corresponding mRNA would be

Accepted Answer

CUC

Answer

GUG

Answer

GTG

Answer

CTC

Question 12

DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase are similar in that they

Accepted Answer

all of these things are true

Answer

are both enzymes

Answer

both are involved in making new polymers

Answer

both can be found doing work in the cell nucleus

Question 13

The process of creating RNA using DNA as the template is

Accepted Answer

transcription

Answer

translation

Answer

translocation

Answer

Transylvania

Question 14

In RNA, uracil takes the place of the DNA nitrogen base called

Accepted Answer

thymine

Answer

guanine

Answer

cytosine

Answer

adenine

Question 15

Molecule 3 is synthesized in

Accepted Answer

ribosomes

Answer

chloroplasts

Answer

the cell membrane

Answer

the nucleus

Question 16

There are 3 types of

Accepted Answer

RNA

Answer

DNA

Question 17

What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

codon

Answer

base

Answer

amine

Answer

serine

Question 18

The diagram shows the process of

Accepted Answer

Transcription

Answer

Translation

Answer

Replication

Answer

Mitosis

Question 19

Which process is happening in this picture?

Accepted Answer

Translation

Answer

Transcription

Answer

Replication

Question 20

Which explains how the second strand of DNA compares with the first strand of DNA?

Accepted Answer

The second strand is a complement of the first strand.

Answer

There is no relationship between the two strands

Answer

The second strand is a single helix, and the first strand is a double helix.

Answer

Both strands are exactly the same

Question 21

What are the components of each nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogen base

Answer

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Answer

amino acids and proteins

Answer

carbohydrates, fatty acids, and amino acids

Question 22

What is the role of mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Makes a copy of DNA in the nucleus then travels from nucleus into the cytoplasm to deliver messages to the ribosome

Answer

Transfers anticodons

Answer

It has no role in protein synthesis

Answer

It creates carbohydrates and transforms them into proteins

Question 23

What enzyme helps unwind the DNA strands during DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Answer

RNA Polymerase

Answer

Glucose

Question 24

What type of sugar makes up RNA?

Accepted Answer

ribose

Answer

deoxyribose

Answer

glucose

Answer

fructose

Question 25

What type of bond holds amino acids together in order to make a protein?

Accepted Answer

peptide bond

Answer

hydrogen bond

Question 26

What is made from a DNA strand during transcription?

Accepted Answer

mRNA

Answer

tRNA

Question 27

If a DNA strand reads ATT CGT CTA, what would the mRNA strand read?

Accepted Answer

UAA GCA GAU

Answer

TAA GCA GAT

Answer

CGA TGA GUT

Answer

TAA GCA GUT

Question 28

Transfer RNA or tRNA reads the mRNA in groups of three bases called...

Accepted Answer

codons

Answer

codes

Answer

anticodons

Answer

bases

Question 29

How many bases code for one amino acid?

Accepted Answer

three

Answer

four

Answer

twenty-three

Answer

eight

Question 30

After DNA replication, the two DNA molecules that are made

Accepted Answer

are identical

Answer

are opposite

Answer

leave the nucleus

Answer

cannot replicate again

Question 31

Cytosine and Thymine are

Accepted Answer

pyrimidines

Answer

phosphates

Answer

purines

Answer

nucleic acids

Question 32

The two strands of a DNA double helix are

Accepted Answer

complementary

Answer

purines

Answer

pyrimidines

Answer

identical

Question 33

How many amino acids are coded for in the following sequence of mRNA nucleotides?
CGAUACAGUAGC

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

3

Answer

6

Answer

12

Question 34

Which is not one of the three types of RNA?

Accepted Answer

nRNA (nitrogen)

Answer

mRNA (messenger)

Answer

rRNA (ribosomal)

Answer

tRNA (transfer)

Question 35

The "central dogma" states that genetic information flows from

Accepted Answer

DNA-->mRNA-->Protein

Answer

Protein-->mRNA-->DNA

Answer

Protein-->DNA-->mRNA

Answer

mRNA-->DNA-->Protein

Question 36

Protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin

Accepted Answer

Histones

Answer

Whey

Answer

Casein

Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 37

The difference between DNA code and the epigenome is that the DNA code is

Accepted Answer

fixed for life, while the epigenome is flexible

Answer

flexible, while the epigenome is fixed for life

Answer

determined by the environment, while the epigenome is not

Answer

determined by one's stress level, while the epigenome is not

Question 38

Which factor can affect the epigenome?

Accepted Answer

all of these factors can affect the epigenome

Answer

nutrition

Answer

exercise

Answer

stress

Question 39

Gene Expression is

Accepted Answer

The turning on and off of genes by environmental factors

Answer

The mutation of DNA to create specialized cells

Answer

The transforming of stem cells into specialized cells

Answer

All of these

Question 40

Epigenetics is

Accepted Answer

Changes in an organisms traits that does not result from changes to DNA

Answer

The turning off and on of genes by mutations

Answer

A stemcell transforming into a specialized cells

Answer

None of these

Question 41

This type of substitution codes for a stop codon

Accepted Answer

Nonsense

Answer

Missense

Answer

Silent

Answer

Deletion

Question 42

If you are missing or have an extra base at the end of your mutated DNA . What type of mutation occurred?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Duplication

Answer

Insertion

Question 43

A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called

Accepted Answer

Silent

Answer

Missense

Answer

Nonsense

Answer

Deletion

Question 44

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

Accepted Answer

Insertions and Deletions

Answer

Insertions only

Answer

Substitution only

Answer

Deletion only

Question 45

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

Accepted Answer

Deletion

Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Inversion

Question 46

Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA

Accepted Answer

substitution

Answer

no mutation

Answer

insertion

Answer

deletion

Question 47

Are all mutations bad?

Accepted Answer

No

Answer

Yes

Question 48

A frameshift mutation can occur with either _________ or __________ mutations.

Accepted Answer

Addition, deletion

Answer

Addition, division

Answer

Deletion, substitution

Answer

Addition, substitution

Question 49

Which type of mutation is MOST LIKELY to cause the greatest disruption?

Accepted Answer

Frameshift

Answer

Silent

Answer

Point

Question 50

The coding sequences that remain in the final mRNA sequences are called ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Exons

Answer

Introns

Answer

Ozaki Fragments

Answer

tRNA

Question 51

Sequences of DNA that are not present in the final DNA sequence are called.

Accepted Answer

Introns

Answer

Exons

Answer

Mutations

Answer

Ozaki Fragments

Question 52

In an operon, a sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds prior to transcription.

Accepted Answer

promoter

Answer

initiator

Answer

exon

Answer

intron

Question 53

Intervening sequence found between exons in mRNA that is removed before translation.

Accepted Answer

introns

Answer

anticodons

Answer

codons

Answer

operons

Question 54

mRNA molecule formed during transcription that has a sequence of bases complimentary to a gene.

Accepted Answer

mRNA transcript

Answer

promoter

Answer

exon

Answer

operon

Question 55

Segment of mRNA containing the protein coding portion of the gene that remains within the mRNA after splicing has occurred.

Accepted Answer

exons

Answer

codons

Answer

operons

Answer

introns

Question 56

RNA molecules that can catalyze chemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

ribozymes

Answer

splicozyme

Answer

nucleosome

Answer

polyribsome

Question 57

Three base sequence in a transfer RNA molecule base that pairs with a complimentary base in mRNA.

Accepted Answer

anticodon

Answer

operon

Answer

intron

Answer

codon

Question 58

During the maturation process of mRNA different section can be put together in alternative ways to make slightly different proteins. The term for these different forms is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

isoforms

Answer

protein coding region

Answer

exon

Answer

intron

Question 59

What is the level of protein structure that describes the binding of multiple proteins to form one functional protein?

Accepted Answer

quaternary

Answer

primary

Answer

secondary

Answer

tertiary

Question 60

The section of the DNA that controls when, where and how much of a specific mRNA is made in the cell. This is where enhancer and repressor are located.

Accepted Answer

switch

Answer

promoter

Answer

exon

Answer

intron

Answer

protein coding region

Question 61

What is the name of the part of the ribosome that moves the mRNA along one codon at a time?

Accepted Answer

small subunit

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

big subunit

Answer

anticodon

Question 62

What is the name of the part of the ribosome that contain the rRNA and helps to catalyze the reaction of adhering amino acids together?

Accepted Answer

big subunit

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

small subunit

Answer

anticodon

Question 63

What is the name of the part of the tRNA that matches up with the mRNA to confirm it is exactly the correct match?

Accepted Answer

anticodon

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

small subunit

Answer

big subunit

Question 64

The section of the DNA that is where the cellular machinery gathers to start building the mRNA. The RNA polymerase is recruited to this site.

Accepted Answer

promoter

Answer

switch

Answer

exon

Answer

intron

Answer

protein coding region

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