Past Perfect Simple and Progressive

In the sentence "We had finished the chores, so we went to the cinema" the past perfect is used to show that

• one action happened before another past action.

• one action happened at the same time of another past action

• one action was taking place at the same time in the past.

The structure (rule) for the past perfect is:

• have + past participle

• had + past participle

• has + participle

• had + been + past participle

She _____ home before he _____

• had left / arrived

• left / arrived

• left / had arrived

• had left / had arrived

Complete the gap with "always, ever, or never":

I had _________ eaten Thai food before. It's delicious."

The adverbs always, ever, never, just, are placed:

• before the past participle

• after the past participle

• at the beginning of the sentence.

By + (a time) or by the time + S + Past Simple: By 6 pm he had left the office.

• are used with past perfect

• are used with past progressive

• are used with present perfect

By the time we arrived to the movies, the film _____.

They had been trying to reach the summit for years.

To talk about how long something happened we use the:

• past perfect

• present perfect

• past perfect progressive

Yesterday, she _____ outside for an hour when it suddenly _____ to rain.

• played / rained

• had been playing / started

• has been playing / started

• played / had been raining

The rule for the past perfect progressive is

• has been + -ing

• have been + -ing

• had been + -ing

• had being + past participle