Acute Responses to exercise

The level of response of acute physiological changes within the body systems when participating in physical activity is dependent on:

• duration of the activity

• intensity of the activity

• type of activity

• all of the above

Which of the following is not an acute respiratory response to increased exercise intensity?

• Increased tidal volume

• Increased stroke volume

• Increased gaseous exchange at the lungs

• Increased intercostal muscle contractions

The most important factor for increasing cardiac output from submaximal to maximal exercise is

• Heart rate

• Stroke volume

• Arteriovenous oxygen difference

• Redistribution of blood flow

During continuous exercise the heart rate increases and the force of contraction is also greater. This results in:

• An increase in diastolic blood pressure.

• An increase in systolic blood pressure.

• An increase in diastolic and systolic blood pressure.

• No change to systolic blood pressure.

During exercise the cardiac output (Q) of an individual can be determined by which of the following parameters?

• Stroke volume multiplied by respiratory frequency

• Tidal volume multiplied by respiratory frequency

• Stroke volume multiplied by heart rate

• Stroke volume multiplied by arterio-venous oxygen difference

Gas exchange in the muscle occurs at the tissue-capillary interface via diffusion. During physical activity which condition below outlines why diffusion takes place?

• Blood oxygen levels are high and muscle oxygen levels are low.

• Blood oxygen levels are low and muscle oxygen levels are high.

• Alveoli oxygen levels are high and blood oxygen levels are low.

• Alveoli oxygen levels are low and blood oxygen levels are high.

At the commencement of physical activity, blood flow is redistributed around the body. Which of the following body parts is blood flow reduced to?

• Heart

• Muscles

• Internal organs

• Skin

Ventilation is:

• A respiratory response to exercise

• Controlled by the respiratory centre in the brain

• The product of tidal volume and respiratory rate

• All of the above

Steady state occurs when:

• Heart rate equals 220 minus age

• Oxygen supply to muscles is able to keep up with oxygen demand

• Oxygen diffusion from the lungs to pulmonary capillaries moves across concentration gradients

• There is a steady flow of oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

STROKE VOLUME IS...

• The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle per beat. 
• The amount of blood pumped out of the heart in one minute
• The number of times the heart beats in one minute.
• The blood returning to the heart via the inferior and superior vena cava.