Present tenses

We use present simple to talk about

• actions in the past with a result in the present

• habits and routines

• actions at the moment of speaking

It is for events we plan

• present continuous

• present simple

• present perfect

The present perfect refers to

• actions at the moment of speaking

• permanent situations

• actions which started in the past and are still true

They both are used for the present perfect

• in & on

• since & for

• up & down

It introduces a point of time in the past

• since

• for

• to

It answers the question How long...?

• since

• for

• to

The sun _______ every day

• is shining

• shines

• have shined

I___________ dinner with my mom next Monday

• have had

• have

• am having

I __________ a cold for 1 week

• have had

• have

• am having

They cannot be used in continuous form

• jump, dance, sleep

• understand, like, own

• teach, eat, run