AP Computer Science Principles: The Internet

The various protocols in use on the internet are said to operate in layers in which the protocol(s) at each layer solve one problem related to networked communication, and higher layers are built on top of, and rely on, the lower layers to do their jobs.

From the list provided choose the two (2) answers that correctly describe which internet protocol relies on the other. For example: if protocol A relies on protocol B, it means that A is a higher level protocol than B, and thus protocol B must exist and work properly in order for protocol A to do its job.

Select two answers.

• TCP/IP relies on HTTP

• HTTP relies on TCP/IP

• DNS relies on TCP/IP

• TCP/IP relies on DNS

Which of the following is NOT true about TCP/IP packets?

• Packets are numbered so if they arrive out of order the message can be reassembled.

• TCP guarantees that no packets are ever dropped

• Packets can be routed on different paths from sender to receiver.

• Messages are broken into packets to improve reliability of the internet

How does a computer resolve a domain name into an IP address?

• It asks a DNS server for the corresponding IP address

• It scans addresses until it finds the one it's looking for

• It uses a Border Gateway Protocol to get the address from a nearby computer.

• It creates an IP address for the domain, and shares it with the closest DNS.

The world is currently in a transition to using IPv6, a newer version of the IP protocol that uses 128-bit addresses instead of 32-bit addresses used by IPv4. What is the main problem that IPv6 was created to solve?

• 32-bit addresses could not accommodate the increased size and amount of data traveling on the Internet as it has grown in popularity

• IPv6 will allow problems with IPv4's address hierarchy to be resolved

• IPv4 proved unreliable in some cases where network redundancy could not be ensured

• 32-bit addresses could not ensure that every internet-connected device can receive a unique IP address

What does HTTP stand for?

• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
• Nothing, it's supposed to be HTML
• Head To This Page
• Hyper Tense Tall Penguins

Tranmission Control Protocol:

• Breaks messages into packets and addresses them
• A DNS attack in which numerous pings are made to the same IP, causing it to crash
• Protocol used by the World Wide Web. It describes how messages are formatted and interchanged, and how web servers respond to commands.
• Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet

Given the following network diagram, what is the minimum number of connections that must be broken or removed before computer E can no longer communicate with computer B?

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Which of the following protocols is primarily used to establish a secure connection between browsers and servers so that no data is lost?

• HTTP
• SMTP
• SSL/TLS
• TCP/IP

Which of the following statements about IP addresses is NOT true?

• Each IP address has a network previx and may have various subnet and interface IDs
• Each of the octets in an address can be any number between 0 and 255
• There are no rules or guidelines for creating a new IP address
• IP addresses may have prefixes to identify which routers or subnets the address belongs to

Which of the following best describes the basic idea of fault tolerance?

• A system that never fails
• If part of the system fails, the operation continues without interruption
• A program that does not allow inputs out of a range given by a programmer
• A program that does not allow loss of precision