Building Macromolecules

What is it?

• Carb

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

Answer explanation

long chains of just carbon and hydrogen are fatty acid chains

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What is it specifically?

• Glycerol head

• phospholipid

• saturated fatty acid

• unsaturated fatty acid

• triglyceride

Answer explanation

long chains of just carbon and hydrogen are fatty acid chains. this is saturated because there are no double bonds within that chain. every carbon is bonded to as many hydrogens as possible- it is "saturated" with them

What is its function?

• long term energy storage

• solid at room temp

• found in animal fats

• polar

• nonpolar

Answer explanation

long chains of just carbon and hydrogen can store lots of energy in those hydrocarbon tails. The other things may be true, but were not necessarily why a living thing would have fatty acids

What are some true characteristics of this molecule? (choose 3)

• makes up cell walls

• solid at room temp

• found in animal fats

• polar

• nonpolar

Answer explanation

Long chains of just carbon and hydrogen share electrons pretty evenly- carbon does not need to fill its valence shell as badly as oxygen. This means that whole chain doesn't really have any charges- it is nonpolar.

No double bonds mean it doesn't have any kinks, and tends to stack and stay solid.

This density helps animals stay warm, as well as condensing a ton of energy. This is why animals have it.

What is this?

• Carb

• Lipid

• Protein

• Nucleic Acid

Answer explanation

hexagons or pentagons connected by an oxygen (as opposed to sharing a wall like in cholesterol/steroids) are carbs

What is this specifically?

• Cholesterol

• Monosaccharide

• Glucose

• Polysaccharide

• Disacharide

Answer explanation

Each hexagon is a monosaccharide. In this case, it's glucose. There are more than one or two bonded together so it is a polysaccharide.

What would NOT be function of this molecule? (choose 2)

• Making up a cell wall

• Making up a cell membrane

• Carrying hereditary information

• Energy storage in plants

• Energy storage in animals

Answer explanation

If this polysaccharide is chitin, it can make up a cell wall. It's in fungi cell walls animal exoskeletons.

If this polysaccharide is cellulose, it makes up the cell wall of plants.

If this polysaccharide is glycogen, it stores medium term energy in the form of glycogen.

If this polysaccharide is starch, it stores medium term energy in plants.

Phospholipids make up the cell membrane.

Nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA) carry hereditary information. (your genes)

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Match the polysaccharide with its function:

• medium term energy for animals

• Starch (amylose)

• cell walls of fungi; exoskeletons

• Chitin

• medium term energy storage for plants

• Glycogen

• cell walls of plants

• Cellulose

What is this?

• Carb

• Lipid

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

Answer explanation

Those long hydrocarbon chains are fatty acids. They are nonpolar, making this molecule at least partly nonpolar. The category of molecules that are at least partly nonpolar are lipids (fat).

What is this specifically?

• Cholesterol

• Steroid

• Triglyceride

• Wax

• Phospholipid

Answer explanation

Two fatty acid tails and a head with a phosphate group in it mean this is a phospholipid.