Introduction to Schizophrenia

Genetic explanations (select two)

• that there is a single candidate gene responsible for Schizophrenia

• That there are multiple genes e.g. COMT that contribute to the development of schizophrenia (polygenic)

• The condition is solely caused by family dysfunction

• Believe that schizophrenia may be caused by genes passed on from family members

The general risk of developing schizophrenia is 1% but Gottesman found:

• A 48% concordance rates between identical (MZ) twins

• A 100% concordance rates between identical (MZ) twins

• A 48% concordance rates between non-identical twins

• A 10% concordance rates between identical (MZ) twins

Genetic research is criticised because (choose 2)

• A 48% concordance rate means that the environment plays an equal role and therefore a diathesis stress model is required to fully understand the causes of the condition

• A genome study analysing the genetic makeup of 37000 schizophrenic patients compared with 113000 in a control group found that 108 separate genetic variations were associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia.

• Tienari discovered that adopted children who had been taken away from Schizophrenic biological parents WERE at greater risk of developing schizophrenia when older but ONLY when they were raised in dysfunction adoptive households. (nature nurture interplay)

• They keep changing their mind and so discredit themselves in the scientific community.

what are some symptoms of schizophrenia?

• migraines, poor vision, & dry mouth

• delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized speech

Which of the following may be the important link which means that unemployment, poverty and a poorer standard of living are all associated with schizophrenia?

• Increased social stress

• People feel they belong

• Improved access to treatment services

• Better diet

A hallucination is a positive symptom characterised by __________ experiences of reality.

• disastrous
• different
• distorted
• dubious

A delusion is a positive symptom characterised by __________ that lead to bizarre behaviour.

• beasts with no basis in reality
• beliefs with no basis in reality
• beliefs with some basis in reality
• beliefs completely based in reality

Avolition is a negative symptom characterised by ____________.

• severe loss of motivation and low activity levels
• some loss of motivation and low activity levels
• severe loss of motivation and high activity levels
• severe loss of mood and low activity levels

The diagnosis of schizophrenia can be accused of gender bias because _________.

• men under 16 are more likely to be diagnosed

• gender doesn’t effect diagnosis

• men are more likely to be diagnosed

• women are more likely to be diagnosed

The diagnosis of schizophrenia can be accused of cultural bias because _________.

• those of African origin are more likely to be diagnosed when living in the UK or America

• those of American origin are more likely to be diagnosed

• those of British origin are more likely to be diagnosed

• those of Asian origin are more likely to be diagnosed